G-protein-coupled receptor: Difference between revisions
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In [[biology]], '''G-protein-coupled receptors''' are the "largest family of [[cell surface receptor]]s involved in [[signal transduction]]. They share a common structure and signal through [[heterotrimeric g-proteins]]."<ref>{{MeSH}}</ref> | In [[biology]], '''G-protein-coupled receptors''' are the "largest family of [[cell surface receptor]]s involved in [[signal transduction]]. They share a common structure and signal through [[heterotrimeric g-proteins]]."<ref>{{MeSH}}</ref> | ||
In [[signal transduction]], [[cell surface receptor]]s such as [[G-protein-coupled receptors]] may activate [[second messenger system]]s such as adenyl cyclase-[[cyclic AMP]] and [[cyclic GMP]] which then may activate [[protein kinase]]s such as [[G-protein-coupled receptor kinase]] which then affect downstream targets (see [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?highlight=receptor,kinase,G-protein-coupled&rid=mcb.figgrp.5742 figure]).<ref name="isbn0-7167-3136-3">{{cite book |author=Lodish, Harvey F. |authorlink= |editor= |others= |title=Molecular cell biology |edition= |language= |publisher=Scientific American Books |location=New York |year=1999 |origyear= |chapter=20.1. Overview of Extracellular Signaling|chapterurl=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?rid=mcb.section.5717|pages= |quote= |isbn=0-7167-3136-3 |oclc= |doi= |url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?rid=mcb |accessdate=}}</ref> | |||
Two principal [[signal transduction]] pathways involving the G-protein coupled receptors are proposed: they use either the [[cyclic AMP]] or the phosphatidylinositol diphosphate-inositol triphosphate [[second messenger system]]s.<ref name="pmid3113327">{{cite journal |author=Gilman AG |title=G proteins: transducers of receptor-generated signals |journal=Annu. Rev. Biochem. |volume=56 |issue= |pages=615–49 |year=1987 |pmid=3113327 |doi=10.1146/annurev.bi.56.070187.003151 |url=http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.bi.56.070187.003151?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub%3dncbi.nlm.nih.gov |issn=}}</ref> | Two principal [[signal transduction]] pathways involving the G-protein coupled receptors are proposed: they use either the [[cyclic AMP]] or the phosphatidylinositol diphosphate-inositol triphosphate [[second messenger system]]s.<ref name="pmid3113327">{{cite journal |author=Gilman AG |title=G proteins: transducers of receptor-generated signals |journal=Annu. Rev. Biochem. |volume=56 |issue= |pages=615–49 |year=1987 |pmid=3113327 |doi=10.1146/annurev.bi.56.070187.003151 |url=http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.bi.56.070187.003151?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub%3dncbi.nlm.nih.gov |issn=}}</ref> | ||
Revision as of 13:11, 14 July 2009
In biology, G-protein-coupled receptors are the "largest family of cell surface receptors involved in signal transduction. They share a common structure and signal through heterotrimeric g-proteins."[1]
In signal transduction, cell surface receptors such as G-protein-coupled receptors may activate second messenger systems such as adenyl cyclase-cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP which then may activate protein kinases such as G-protein-coupled receptor kinase which then affect downstream targets (see figure).[2]
Two principal signal transduction pathways involving the G-protein coupled receptors are proposed: they use either the cyclic AMP or the phosphatidylinositol diphosphate-inositol triphosphate second messenger systems.[3]
Examples of G-protein-coupled receptors include adrenergic receptors, angiotensin receptors, bradykinin receptors, CCR5 receptor (used by HIV to infect cells), and opioid receptors.
References
- ↑ Anonymous (2024), G-protein-coupled receptor (English). Medical Subject Headings. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ↑ Lodish, Harvey F. (1999). “20.1. Overview of Extracellular Signaling”, Molecular cell biology. New York: Scientific American Books. ISBN 0-7167-3136-3.
- ↑ Gilman AG (1987). "G proteins: transducers of receptor-generated signals". Annu. Rev. Biochem. 56: 615–49. DOI:10.1146/annurev.bi.56.070187.003151. PMID 3113327. Research Blogging.