Occitan language: Difference between revisions
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'''Occitan''' | '''Occitan''' —also called '''Lenga d'Òc, Langue d'Oc''' or '''Provençal'''— (natively: ''occitan'', ''lenga d'òc'' and sometimes ''provençau''), is a [[Romance language]] spoken in a territory called [[Occitania]] which comprises Southern [[France]], [[Monaco]], a part of [[Italy]] ([[Occitan Valleys]]) and a part of [[Spain]] ([[Aran Valley]]). | ||
This minority language has the status of an official language in Spain<ref>Special Regime of [[Aran Valley]] Act #16/1990 and Language Politics Act #1/1998, both in the autonomous region of Catalonia, see[http://www20.gencat.cat/portal/site/Llengcat/menuitem.b318de7236aed0e7a129d410b0c0e1a0/?vgnextoid=ba96f554f917a110VgnVCM1000008d0c1e0aRCRD&vgnextchannel=ba96f554f917a110VgnVCM1000008d0c1e0aRCRD&vgnextfmt=default&newLang=oc_ES]</ref> and of a protected language in Italy<ref>Historical Language Minority Protection Act #482/1999, in Italy, see[http://www.camera.it/parlam/leggi/99482l.htm]</ref>. It has no official status in France nor in Monaco. Its usage is quite weak in front of dominant state languages such as [[French language|French]], [[Italian language|Italian]] and [[Spanish language|Spanish]]. | This minority language has the status of an official language in Spain<ref>Special Regime of [[Aran Valley]] Act #16/1990 and Language Politics Act #1/1998, both in the autonomous region of Catalonia, see[http://www20.gencat.cat/portal/site/Llengcat/menuitem.b318de7236aed0e7a129d410b0c0e1a0/?vgnextoid=ba96f554f917a110VgnVCM1000008d0c1e0aRCRD&vgnextchannel=ba96f554f917a110VgnVCM1000008d0c1e0aRCRD&vgnextfmt=default&newLang=oc_ES]</ref> and of a protected language in Italy<ref>Historical Language Minority Protection Act #482/1999, in Italy, see[http://www.camera.it/parlam/leggi/99482l.htm]</ref>. It has no official status in France nor in Monaco. Its usage is quite weak in front of dominant state languages such as [[French language|French]], [[Italian language|Italian]] and [[Spanish language|Spanish]]. | ||
Revision as of 04:52, 17 August 2008
Occitan —also called Lenga d'Òc, Langue d'Oc or Provençal— (natively: occitan, lenga d'òc and sometimes provençau), is a Romance language spoken in a territory called Occitania which comprises Southern France, Monaco, a part of Italy (Occitan Valleys) and a part of Spain (Aran Valley).
This minority language has the status of an official language in Spain[1] and of a protected language in Italy[2]. It has no official status in France nor in Monaco. Its usage is quite weak in front of dominant state languages such as French, Italian and Spanish.
Nevertheless, Occitan enjoys nowadays a dynamic movement of cultural defense and of modern creativity, especially in literature and music. Occitan literature has been famous and uninterrupted since the 11th century[3].
Main Occitan dialects are Provençal (including Niçard), Vivaro-Alpine, Auvernhat, Lemosin, Gascon and Lengadocian[4]. All of them are integrated and respected in the ongoing standardization process.
Catalan language is extremely close to Occitan.
Footnotes
- ↑ Special Regime of Aran Valley Act #16/1990 and Language Politics Act #1/1998, both in the autonomous region of Catalonia, see[1]
- ↑ Historical Language Minority Protection Act #482/1999, in Italy, see[2]
- ↑ KIRSCH F. Peter, & KREMNITZ Georg, & SCHLIEBEN-LANGE Brigitte (2002) Petite histoire sociale de la langue occitane: usages, images, literature, grammaires et dictionnaires, coll. Cap al Sud, 66140 Canet: Trabucaire
- ↑ BEC Pierre (1973) Manuel pratique d’occitan moderne, coll. Connaissance des langues, Paris: Picard