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Spain
From Citizendium, the Citizens' Compendium
| Kingdom of Spain | |||||
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| Motto: "Plus Ultra" | |||||
| Anthem: La Marcha Real / Marcha Granadera[1] | |||||
| [[Image:{{{image_map}}}|250px|center|Location of Spain]] | |||||
| Capital | Madrid | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Official languages | Spanish | ||||
| Government | constitutional monarchy | ||||
| - King | Juan Carlos I (before: Francisco Franco (Jefe del Estado))[3] | ||||
| - President | José Luís Rodríguez Zapatero (before: José María Aznar) | ||||
| Area | |||||
| - Total | 505 990 km² sq mi | ||||
| Population | |||||
| - 2006 estimate | 44 873 567[2] ([[List of countries by population|]]) | ||||
| - Density | 88.68/km² ([[List of countries by population density|]]) /sq mi | ||||
| HDI (2006) | 0.938[4] (high) (19th) | ||||
| Currency | Euro (EUR)
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| Time zone | CET (UTC+1) | ||||
| - Summer (DST) | CEST (UTC+2) | ||||
| Internet TLD | es | ||||
| Calling code | +34 | ||||
Spain is a Western European country, officially known as the Kingdom of Spain, Reino de España. It also comprises various overseas islands and small territories located on Africa. It is a member of the European Union, the United Nations and NATO.
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Geography
Spain occupies most of the Iberian Peninsula of Europe, bordered by the Mediterranean Sea, the Atlantic Ocean and its arm the Bay of Biscay, and the Pyrennes Mountains. Spain also has some overseas territories outside the Iberian peninsula. Sharing the Iberian Peninsula are Portugal in the south and central west, Andorra, occupying a small are in the Pyrennes Mountains, and Gibraltar, a dependency of the United Kingdom occupying a small peninsula in the center of the southern coast of the peninsula. Spain also shares land borders with France along the Pyrennes mountains, and Morocco, at Ceuta and Melilla.
Physical Geography
The Iberian peninsula is among the hottest and driest parts of Europe, though the climate varies widely across the peninsula. The northernmost part of Spain is wetter.
Politics
The Kingdom of Spain is a constitutional monarchy. The king of Spain is the Head of State and Supreme Commander in Chief of the armed forces. His legal and constitutional role is similar to that of the Queen of England. Spain has a bicameral parliament (Cortes Generales in spanish) which is divided into the Congress and the Senate. The Congress or 'Camara Baja' has 349 [5] Diputados 'deputies', elected every 4 years, while the senate or 'Camara Alta' has 259 senators[6], elected for a 4-year term.
Economy
Spain has a highly-developed industrial economy, between the eighth and ninth largest economies in the world. Spanish most powerful sectors are: turism, construction and manufacturing.
International relations
Spain is a member of the European Union (since 1986), a member of the United Nations, as well as a member of NATO and the Western European Union.
References
- ↑ Presidencia del Gobierno, [1], last visit 27/8/2007
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Instituto Nacional de Estadística,[2], 1/7/2007
- ↑ Franco ruled Spain as the "Head of State", and in 1947, declared Spain a monarchy and himself Regent,but did not name a future king until 1969.
- ↑ HDR06, UN, [3], last visit 27/8/7
- ↑ Congreso de los Diputados, [4], last visit 2007/8/27
- ↑ El Senado de España, [5], last visit 2007/8/27
