Supply and demand/Related Articles
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- See also changes related to Supply and demand, or pages that link to Supply and demand or to this page or whose text contains "Supply and demand".
- Consumer surplus: The excess of what a consumer is willing to pay for a product over what he has to pay for it. [e]
- Cross elasticity of demand: The percentage change in the quantity demanded of one good as a result of a unit percentage change in the price of another good. [e]
- Diminishing returns: The tendency for the output resulting from the employment of an addition unit of a factor of production to fall as the amount of that unit is increased when all other factors of production are held constant (cf economies of scale). [e]
- Economies of scale: The factors that cause the cost of production of a product to fall as output of the product is increased. [e]
- Elasticity: Please do not use this term in your topic list, because there is no single article for it. Please substitute a more precise term. See Elasticity (disambiguation) for a list of available, more precise, topics. Please add a new usage if needed.
- Elasticity of demand: The percentage change in the amount of a product that is demanded that is caused by a unit percentage change in its price. [e]
- Elasticity of substitution: The percentage change in the ratio of the amounts of two products that is demanded that is caused by a unit percentage change in the ratio of their unit prices. [e]
- Externality: A cost of production that is not borne by the producer, or a benefit that the producer does not receive. [e]
- Giffen good: An "inferior product" for which the amount demanded falls when its price falls (because the increase in income resulting from the price reduction prompts the consumer to switch expenditure to a more expensive product). [e]
- Income effect: The tendency of the demand for a product to change in response to a change in its price because the price change has the effect of changing the consumer's income. [e]
- Income elasticity of demand: The percentage change in the demand for a product that is caused by a unit percentage change in consumers' incomes. [e]
- Incomplete contract: A contract that does not fully specify what each party to it must do under every conceivable circumstance. [e]
- Incomplete contract costs: The costs that arise when circumstances not envisaged in an incomplete contract result in a loss of expected benefits or the need for renegotiation. [e]
- Marginal utility: The increase in the satisfaction experienced by a consumer caused by a unit increase in his possession of a product. [e]
Market for lemons: One in which consumers cannot distinguish products of quality from defective goods. [e]- Nash equilibrium: A situation in game theory in which no player can improve his position, given the responses of the other players. [e]
Market (economics): A term used in commerce and economics to denote a conjunction of buyers and sellers. [e]- Market power: The ability of a supplier to exercise a degree of choice concerning the pricing of a product by restricting its supply: a measure of departure from the ideal of perfect competition in which every supplier is a price-taker [e]
- Price elasticity of demand: see elasticity of demand
- Producer surplus: The excess of the revenue that a producer gets from the sale of a product over the minimum that he would be willing to accept for it. [e]
- Substitution effect: The tendency of consumers to switch spending to or from a product in response to a change in its price relative to that of a substitute. [e]
Veblen good: A product, the demand for which increases when its price increases because consumers obtain more satisfaction from more expensive products. [e]- Walras' law: The sum of the excess demands in all of the markets in a closed economy is equal to zero. [e]
- Wieser's law: The costs of production under competitive conditions are a reflection of the value of the alternatives which are displaced. [e]
- Economics [r]: The analysis of the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. [e]
- Market (economics) [r]: A term used in commerce and economics to denote a conjunction of buyers and sellers. [e]
- Elasticity (economics) [r]: The ratio of the percent change in one variable to the percent change in another variable. [e]