Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies
In medicine and rheumatology, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) are "Autoantibodies directed against cytoplasmic constituents of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and/or monocytes. They are used as specific markers for Wegener Granulomatosis and other diseases, though their pathophysiological role is not clear. ANCA are routinely detected by indirect immunofluorescence with three different patterns: c-ANCA (cytoplasmic), p-ANCA (perinuclear), and atypical ANCA."[1]
ANCA is also seen in vasculitides such as microscopic polyangiitis and Churg-Strauss syndrome, and peripheral ANCA may be present in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Types of ANCA are:[2]
- myeloperoxidase ANCA usually gives a perinuclear pattern (P-ANCA)
- proteinase 3 ANCA usually gives a cytoplasmic pattern (C-ANCA)
ANCA are detected by indirect immunofluorescence and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
References
- ↑ Anonymous (2024), Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (English). Medical Subject Headings. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ↑ Bosch X, Guilabert A, Font J (2006). "Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies.". Lancet 368 (9533): 404-18. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(06)69114-9. PMID 16876669. Research Blogging.