5-fluorouracil

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	To oppose or discuss a nomination, please go to CZ:Proposed for deletion and follow the instructions. For the monthly nomination lists, see Category:Articles for deletion. 5-fluorouracil is an antimetabolite fluoropyrimidine analog of the nucleoside pyrimidine, used as an antineoplastic agent]] but also as an immunomodulator in dermatology]]. Mechanisms of Action Fluorouracil and its metabolites possess a number of different mechanisms of action. In vivo, fluoruracil is converted to the active metabolite 5-fluoroxyuridine monophosphate (F-UMP); replacing uracil, F-UMP incorporates into RNA]] and inhibits RNA processing, thereby inhibiting cell growth. Another active metabolite, 5-5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-O-monophosphate (F-dUMP), inhibits thymidylate synthase]], resulting in the depletion of thymidine triphosphate]] (TTP), one of the four nucleotide triphosphates used in the in vivo synthesis of DNA]]. Other fluorouracil metabolites incorporate into both RNA and DNA; incorporation into RNA results in major effects on both RNA processing and functions. Dermatology It is used topically for actinic keratosis]] and superficial basal cell carcinoma]]; these indications are approved by the Food and Drug Administration]]. Other applications include actinic gheilitis]], carcinoma in situ]] of the glans penis]], oral leukoplakia]] and radiodermatitis]]. Oncology Approved parenteral indications are colorectal cancer]], localized and metastatic gastric cancer]], metastatic breast carcinoma]], and pancreatic carcinoma]]. Additional uses include malignancy of the biliary tract]], localized breast carcinoma]], localized tumor of the anus, carcinoid syndrome]], bladder cancer]] malignancy, malignancy esophageal cancer]], head and neck tumor]], neuroendocrine carcinoma]] and bladder cancer]]. It is often used in combined chemotherapy regimens, and also in concert with radiotherapy]]. References