CZ:Core Articles/Biology
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This page lists links to entries identified as CZ:Core Articles in biology.
- Biology: The science of life — of complex, self-organizing, information-processing systems living in the past, present or future. [e]
- Life: Living systems, of which biologists seek the commonalities distinguishing them from non-living systems. [e]
Biochemistry
- Biochemistry: The chemistry of living things; a field of both biology and chemistry. [e]
- Metabolism: The modification of chemical substances by living organisms. [e]
- Ion channel: Gated, ion-selective glycoproteins that traverse membranes. The stimulus for channel gating can be a membrane potential, drug, transmitter, cytoplasmic messenger, or a mechanical deformation. [e]
- Protein synthesis: "a certain kind of natural production (or biosynthesis) of polypeptides for protein molecules according to a nucleic acid code" [e]
- Oxidative phosphorylation: A process in which ATP is formed by coupling the transfer of electrons through a series of electron carriers to proton gradients across a biological membrane; most frequently associated mitochondria and their role in aerobic respiration. [e]
- Anaerobic respiration: Add brief definition or description
- Active site: Add brief definition or description
- Adenosine triphosphate: A molecule sometimes called the "energy currency" of a cell [e]
- Antibody: In physiology, antibodies are "immunoglobulin molecules having a specific amino acid sequence by virtue of which they interact only with the antigen (or a very similar shape) that induced their synthesis in cells of the lymphoid series (especially plasma cells). National Library of Medicine [e]
- ATP synthase: Add brief definition or description
- Carbohydrate: Organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; includes sugars and starches that provide energy to living organisms and form an important part of the diet of most animals. [e]
- Chemiosmosis: Add brief definition or description
- Electron transport chain: (ETC) A series of biochemical reactions that couple a chemical reaction between an electron donor and an electron acceptor to the transfer of protons across a membrane. [e]
- Enzyme kinetics: The time course of chemical reactions catalyzed by enzymes. [e]
- Fat: Adipose tissue; the body's main store of energy. [e]
- Glycoprotein: "a protein with a carbohydrate (saccharide) group bonded to it" [e]
- Michaelis-Menten kinetics: Add brief definition or description
- Monoclonal antibody: Highly specific antibodies produced in large quantity by the clones of a single hybrid cell formed in the laboratory by the fusion of a B cell with a tumor cell. [e]
- Myosin: Add brief definition or description
- Peptide: Compound containing two or more amino acids linked by a peptide bond, called dipeptide, tripeptide, etc., depending on the number of amino acids present. [e]
- Protein phosphorylation: Add brief definition or description
- Polypeptide: Compound containing multiple amino acids linked into a chain by peptide bonda; they constitute the basic structure of proteins. [e]
- Polysaccharide: "a polymer consisting of multiple saccharide (carbohydrate or sugar) units bonded together as monomers, typically in the cyclic saccharide form" [e]
- Protein folding: The physical process by which a polypeptide folds into its characteristic and functional three-dimensional structure from random coil. [e]
- Protein structure: The structure of a protein, consisting of primary, secondary and tertiary structures. [e]
- Proteolysis: Add brief definition or description
- Receptor (biochemistry): Add brief definition or description
- Redox: See Oxidation-reduction [e]
- Substrate (biology): Add brief definition or description
- Vitamin: Add brief definition or description
Biography
- Biography: A narrative account of a person's life. [e]
- Félix d'Hérelle: (1873 – 1949) - A French-Canadian bacteriologist, and the discoverer of bacteriophages. [e]
- Frederick Twort: (1877 – 1950) - English bacteriologist who discovered that bacteriophages are viruses that attack and destroy bacteria. [e]
- Barbara McClintock: (1902 – 1992) - American cytogeneticist who won a Nobel Prize in 1983 for the discovery of genetic transposition. [e]
- Thomas Hunt Morgan: (1866-1945), Winner of the 1933 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work in genetics, specifically his discoveries of the role of the chromosome in heredity. [e]
- Gregor Mendel: (1822 - 1884) Discovered the fundamental principles of inheritance which were essential in establishing the genetic basis of heredity. [e]
- Carolus Linnaeus: Add brief definition or description
- Lynn Margulis: Add brief definition or description
- Louis Pasteur: Add brief definition or description
Botany
- Botany: Add brief definition or description
- Xylem: Add brief definition or description
- Photosynthesis: Add brief definition or description
- Ethylene: Add brief definition or description
- Action spectrum: Add brief definition or description
- Auxin: Add brief definition or description
- Calvin cycle: Add brief definition or description
- Cellulose: Add brief definition or description
- Chlorophyll: Add brief definition or description
- Gibberellin: Add brief definition or description
- Gravitropism: Add brief definition or description
- Leaf: Add brief definition or description
- Phloem: Add brief definition or description
- Plasmolysis: Add brief definition or description
- Root: Add brief definition or description
- Seed: Add brief definition or description
- Starch: Add brief definition or description
- Stoma: Add brief definition or description
- Thylakoid: Add brief definition or description
Cell Biology
- Cell Biology: Add brief definition or description
- Phospholipid bilayer: Add brief definition or description
- Flagellum: Add brief definition or description
- Cell nucleus: Add brief definition or description
- Chloroplast: Add brief definition or description
- Mitochondrion: Add brief definition or description -- Thomas Simmons
- Apoptosis: Add brief definition or description
- Biological membrane: Add brief definition or description
- Cell division: Add brief definition or description
- Cell wall: Add brief definition or description
- Cytoplasm: Add brief definition or description
- Cytosol: Add brief definition or description
- Endoplasmic reticulum: Add brief definition or description
- Fluid mosaic model: Add brief definition or description
- Golgi apparatus: Add brief definition or description
- Microtubules: Add brief definition or description
- Organelle: Add brief definition or description
- Phagocytosis: Add brief definition or description
- Pseudopod: Add brief definition or description
- Ribosome: Add brief definition or description
- Signal transduction: Add brief definition or description
- Vacuole: Add brief definition or description
- Vesicle (biology): Add brief definition or description
Developmental Biology
- Developmental Biology: Add brief definition or description
- Embryo: Add brief definition or description
Ecology
- Ecology: Add brief definition or description
- Habitat (ecology): Add brief definition or description
- Chemoautotrophic: Add brief definition or description
- Parasitism: Add brief definition or description
- Carbon cycle: Add brief definition or description
- Carnivore: Add brief definition or description
- Ecological niche: Add brief definition or description
- Fundamental niche: Add brief definition or description
- Growth curve: Add brief definition or description
- Herbivore: Add brief definition or description
- Hibernation: Add brief definition or description
- Insectivores: Add brief definition or description
- Invasive species: Add brief definition or description
- Nitrogen cycle: Add brief definition or description
- Population: Add brief definition or description
- Predation: Add brief definition or description
- Symbiosis: Add brief definition or description
- Thermocline: Add brief definition or description
Evolution
- Evolution: Add brief definition or description
- Microevolution: Add brief definition or description
- Speciation: Add brief definition or description
- Phylogeny: Add brief definition or description
- Endosymbiosis: Add brief definition or description
- Adaptation: Add brief definition or description
- Convergent evolution: Add brief definition or description
- Evolution of cells: Add brief definition or description
- Evolutionary tree: Add brief definition or description
- Fossilization: Add brief definition or description
- Genetic drift: Add brief definition or description
- Homology (biology): Add brief definition or description
- Macroevolution: Add brief definition or description
- Molecular clock: Add brief definition or description
- Monophyletic: Add brief definition or description
- Muller's ratchet: Add brief definition or description
Genetics
- Horizontal gene transfer: Add brief definition or description
- Genetics: Add brief definition or description
- DNA: Add brief definition or description
- Mitosis: Add brief definition or description
- Genetic code: Add brief definition or description
- Chromosome: Add brief definition or description
- Mendelian inheritance: Add brief definition or description
- Acquired characteristics: Add brief definition or description
- Adaptive radiation: Add brief definition or description
- Allele: Add brief definition or description
- Asexual reproduction: Add brief definition or description
- Autosome: Add brief definition or description
- Centromere: Add brief definition or description
- Chiasma: Add brief definition or description
- Chromatid: Add brief definition or description
- Chromatin: Add brief definition or description
- Codon: Add brief definition or description
- Diploid: Add brief definition or description
- Double helix: Add brief definition or description
- Epigenetics: Add brief definition or description
- Exon: Add brief definition or description
- Gamete: Add brief definition or description
- Gene duplication: Add brief definition or description
- Gene: Add brief definition or description
- Genetic recombination: Add brief definition or description
- Genome: Add brief definition or description
- Haploid: Add brief definition or description
- Heredity: Add brief definition or description
- Hermaphrodite: Add brief definition or description
- Heterochromatin: Add brief definition or description
- Heterozygote: Add brief definition or description
- Homozygote: Add brief definition or description
- Intron: Add brief definition or description
- Locus (genetics): Add brief definition or description
- Lyon hypothesis: Add brief definition or description
- Meiosis: Add brief definition or description
- Metaphase: Add brief definition or description
- Mutagen: Add brief definition or description
- Oncogene: Add brief definition or description
- Phenotype: Add brief definition or description
- Punnett square: Add brief definition or description
- Quantitative trait loci: Add brief definition or description
- Recombination: Add brief definition or description
- Sexual reproduction: Add brief definition or description
- Sister chromatid: Add brief definition or description
- Splicing (genetics): Add brief definition or description
- Telomere: Add brief definition or description
- Transposon: Add brief definition or description
- Trait (biology): Add brief definition or description
- Wobble base pair: Add brief definition or description
- X chromosome: Add brief definition or description
- Y chromosome: Add brief definition or description
Molecular Biology
- RNA interference: Add brief definition or description
- Molecular Biology: Add brief definition or description
- Human Genome Project: Add brief definition or description
- Polymerase chain reaction: Add brief definition or description -- Thomas Berkhout
- Transcription (genetics): Add brief definition or description
- Actin: Add brief definition or description
- Antibiotic resistance: Add brief definition or description
- Connexin: Add brief definition or description
- DNA replication: Add brief definition or description
- Electrophoresis: Add brief definition or description
- Enhancer: Add brief definition or description
- Erythropoietin: Add brief definition or description
- Homeobox: Add brief definition or description
- Lac repressor: Add brief definition or description
- Microarray: Add brief definition or description
- Microsatellite: Add brief definition or description
- Non-coding RNA: Add brief definition or description
- Nucleic acid: Add brief definition or description
- Nucleotide: Add brief definition or description
- Okazaki fragment: Add brief definition or description
- Operon: Add brief definition or description
- Oxytocin: Add brief definition or description
- Plasmid: Add brief definition or description
- Promoter: Add brief definition or description
- Restriction enzyme: Add brief definition or description
- RNA: Add brief definition or description
- Transcription factor: Add brief definition or description
- Transformation (genetics): Add brief definition or description
Physiology
- Physiology: Add brief definition or description
- Homeostasis (biology): Add brief definition or description
- Osmosis: Add brief definition or description
- Circadian rhythm: Add brief definition or description
- Action potential: Add brief definition or description
- Active transport: Add brief definition or description
- Facilitated diffusion: Add brief definition or description
- Feedback inhibition: Add brief definition or description
- Neuron: Add brief definition or description
- Pregnancy: Add brief definition or description
- Reproduction: Add brief definition or description
- Senescence: Add brief definition or description
- Speech: Add brief definition or description
- Thermoregulation: Add brief definition or description
- Tropism: Add brief definition or description
- Visual perception: Add brief definition or description
Taxonomy
- Taxonomy: Add brief definition or description
- Organism: Add brief definition or description
- Phylogeny: Add brief definition or description
- Systematics: Add brief definition or description
- Amniota: Add brief definition or description
- Animal: Add brief definition or description
- Archaea: Add brief definition or description
- Bacteria: Add brief definition or description
- Bacteriophage: Add brief definition or description
- Cyanobacteria: Add brief definition or description
- Drosophila melanogaster: Add brief definition or description
- Eukaryote: Add brief definition or description
- Microorganism: Add brief definition or description
- Plant: Add brief definition or description
- Prokaryote: Add brief definition or description
- Protist: Add brief definition or description
- Vertebrata: Add brief definition or description