Tropic

The tropics or tropical circles of a planet are the circles that mark the maximal lattitude in which its Central Star can pass trought Zenith at that lattitude. So, every planet have two tropics (degenerated, in some cases), since we can consider simmetry between the two hemispheres. The region comprehended between the two tropics in a planet is called intertropical zone.

In a planet whose rotation axis have had a value o $\phi$ of inclination, with respect to the perpendicular line at orbital plane, the tropics are the lattitude circles with lat. $+\phi$ and $-\phi$. The Earth, for example, have an approximated inclination axis of 23,5°; that means, its tropics have lattitudes +23,5° and -23,5°. The first, in earth's northern hemisphere, is called Tropic of Cancer; the last, on erth's southern hemisphere, is Tropic of Capricórn.

When the planetary inclination is zero, both tropics coincide with Equator; the Central Star stay at high noon only in zero lattitude. On the other hand, when a planet lay in its orbital plane, that means, its axial inclination is 90°, each tropic coincide with its respective pole, anth the Central Star can be seen at Zenith in every place on planet's surface.