Binary numeral system

The binary numbering system (also referred to as base-2, or radix-2), represents numbers using only the digits 0 and 1. This is in contrast with the more familiar decimal system (a.k.a. base-10, radix-10) which uses the digits 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9. In the decimal system, $10$ represents one set of tens ($10^{1}$), and no sets of ones ($10^{0}$). One hundred, $100$ represents $(1*10^{2})+(0*10^{1})+(0*10^{0})$.

In binary numbering system, $10$ represents one set of twos ($2^{1}$) and no sets of ones ($2^{0}$). $100=(1*2^{2})+(0*2^{1})+(0*2^{0})=4+0+0=4$.

Because the number of digits in the binary representation of a value can grow quickly, binary values are often represented in the hexadecimal numbering system (base-16), which uses the digits 0 through 9, followed by the letters A through F to represent the values ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, and fifteen.

Decimal	Binary	Hexadecimal
0	0	0
1	1	1
2	10	2
3	11	3
4	100	4
5	101	5
6	110	6
7	111	7
8	1000	8
9	1001	9
10	1010	A
11	1011	B
12	1100	C
13	1101	D
14	1110	E
15	1111	F
16	10000	10