5-fluorouracil: Difference between revisions
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'''5-fluorouracil''' is an antimetabolite fluoropyrimidine analog of the nucleoside pyrimidine, used as an [[antineoplastic agent]] but also as an immunomodulator in [[dermatology]]. | |||
==Mechanisms of Action== | |||
Fluorouracil and its metabolites possess a number of different mechanisms of action. In vivo, fluoruracil is converted to the active metabolite 5-fluoroxyuridine monophosphate (F-UMP); replacing uracil, F-UMP incorporates into [[RNA]] and inhibits RNA processing, thereby inhibiting cell growth. Another active metabolite, 5-5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-O-monophosphate (F-dUMP), inhibits [[thymidylate synthase]], resulting in the depletion of [[thymidine triphosphate]] (TTP), one of the four nucleotide triphosphates used in the ''in vivo'' synthesis of [[DNA]]. Other fluorouracil metabolites incorporate into both RNA and DNA; incorporation into RNA results in major effects on both RNA processing and functions. <ref>{{citation | |||
| url = http://www.cancer.gov/drugdictionary/?CdrID=43130 | |||
| title = fluorouracil | |||
| journal = Drug Dictionary, [[National Cancer Institute]] | |||
==References== | |||
{{reflist}} | |||
Revision as of 13:25, 4 August 2010
5-fluorouracil is an antimetabolite fluoropyrimidine analog of the nucleoside pyrimidine, used as an antineoplastic agent but also as an immunomodulator in dermatology.
Mechanisms of Action
Fluorouracil and its metabolites possess a number of different mechanisms of action. In vivo, fluoruracil is converted to the active metabolite 5-fluoroxyuridine monophosphate (F-UMP); replacing uracil, F-UMP incorporates into RNA and inhibits RNA processing, thereby inhibiting cell growth. Another active metabolite, 5-5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-O-monophosphate (F-dUMP), inhibits thymidylate synthase, resulting in the depletion of thymidine triphosphate (TTP), one of the four nucleotide triphosphates used in the in vivo synthesis of DNA. Other fluorouracil metabolites incorporate into both RNA and DNA; incorporation into RNA results in major effects on both RNA processing and functions. <ref>{{citation
| url = http://www.cancer.gov/drugdictionary/?CdrID=43130 | title = fluorouracil | journal = Drug Dictionary, National Cancer Institute