CZ:Featured article/Current: Difference between revisions

From Citizendium
Jump to navigation Jump to search
imported>Chunbum Park
mNo edit summary
imported>John Stephenson
(template)
 
(223 intermediate revisions by 8 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
[[Image:Roger_Federer.jpg|thumb|left|{{#ifexist:Template:Roger Federer.jpg/credit|{{Roger Federer.jpg/credit}}<br/>|}}Roger Federer, a professional tennis player, hitting a forehand against James Blake in the quarterfinals of the 2006 U.S. Open.]]
{{:{{FeaturedArticleTitle}}}}
 
<small>
'''Tennis''' is a sport played between either two players ("singles") or two teams of two players ("doubles"). Players use a stringed racquet to strike a hollow rubber ball covered with felt over a net into the opponent's court. In some places tennis is still called '''lawn tennis''' to distinguish it from ''real tennis'' (also known as ''royal tennis'' or ''court tennis''), an older form of the game that originated in France in the Middle Ages and is played indoors on a very different court. Originating in England in the late nineteenth century, lawn tennis first spread throughout the English-speaking world, particularly among the upper classes. Today tennis is an Olympic sport that is played at all levels of society, by all ages, and in many countries around the world.  Except for the adoption of the tie-breaker in the 1970s, its rules have remained remarkably unchanged since the 1890s.  Millions of people also follow tennis as a spectator sport, especially the four Grand Slam tournaments.
==Footnotes==
 
{{reflist|2}}
===Manner of play===
</small>
====The court====
Tennis is played on a rectangular, flat surface that can be composed of various materials.  The court is 78 feet (23.77 meters) long and its width is 27 feet (8.23 m) for singles matches and 36 feet (10.97 m) for doubles matches. Additional clear space around the court is required in order for players to reach balls. A net is stretched across the full width of the court, parallel with the baselines, dividing it into two equal areas. The net is 3 feet 6 inches (1.07 m) high at the posts and 3 feet (914 mm) high in the center.
 
=====''The lines''=====
The two lines that delineate the width of the court are called the baseline.  The short mark in the center of each baseline is referred to as either the hash mark or the center mark.  The outermost lines that make up the length are both called the doubles sideline.  These are the boundaries used when doubles is being played.  The area between the doubles sideline and the lines next to them is called the doubles alley, which is considered to be "out" in singles play.  These lines next to the doubles sideline are the singles sidelines, and are used as boundaries in singles play.  The line that runs across the center of a player's side of the court is called the service line; despite its name this is not where a player legally stands when making a serve.  The line dividing the service line in two is called the center line or center service line.  The boxes that this center line creates are called the service boxes; depending on a player's position, they will have to hit the ball into one of these when serving.

Latest revision as of 09:19, 11 September 2020

Paramhansa Yogananda circa 1920.

Paramhansa Yogananda (5 Jan 1893–7 Mar 1952) was one of the first Indian teachers from the Hindu spiritual tradition to reside permanently in the West, and in particular, he was the first to teach yoga to Americans. He emphasized the universality of the great religions, and ceaselessly taught that all religions, especially Hinduism and Christianity, were essentially the same in their essence. The primary message of Yogananda was to practice the scientific technique of kriya yoga to be released from all human suffering.

He emigrated from India to the United States in 1920 and eventually founded the Self-Realization Fellowship there in Los Angeles, California. He published his own life story in a book called Autobiography of a Yogi, first published in 1946. In the book, Yogananda provided some details of his personal life, an introduction to yoga, meditation, and philosophy, and accounts of his world travels and encounters with a wide variety of saints and colorful personalities, including Therese Neumann, Mohandas K. Gandhi, Luther Burbank, and Jagadis C. Bose.

Paramhamsa, also spelled Paramahamsa, is a Sanskrit title used for Hindu spiritual teachers who have become enlightened. The title of Paramhansa originates from the legend of the swan. The swan (hansa) is said to have a mythical ability to sip only the milk from a water-and-milk mixture, separating out the more watery part. The spiritual master is likewise said to be able to live in a world like a supreme (param) swan, and only see the divine, instead of all the evil mixed in there too, which the worldly person sees.

Yogananda is considered by his followers and many religious scholars to be a modern avatar.

In 1946, Yogananda published his Autobiography of a Yogi. It has since been translated into 45 languages, and in 1999 was designated one of the "100 Most Important Spiritual Books of the 20th Century" by a panel of spiritual authors convened by Philip Zaleski and HarperCollins publishers.

Awake: The Life of Yogananda is a 2014 documentary about Paramhansa Yogananda, in English with subtitles in seventeen languages. The documentary includes commentary by George Harrison and Ravi Shankar, among others.[1][2]

Footnotes
  1. ↑ Wikipedia has an article about the 2014 documentary film.
  2. ↑ The IMBd filmography database has a full cast list and other details about the 2014 documentary film.

Retrieved from "https://citizendium.org/wiki/index.php?title=CZ:Featured_article/Current&oldid=759442"