Streptomycin: Difference between revisions
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'''Streptomycin''' is an [[aminoglycoside]] [[antibiotic]] produced by the soil [[actinomycete]] ''[[Streptomyces griseus]]'' used to treat | {{Chem infobox | ||
|align=right | |||
|image=[[Image:Streptomycin structure.jpg|center|thumb|200px|{{#ifexist:Template:Streptomycin structure.jpg/credit|{{Streptomycin structure.jpg/credit}}<br/>|}}]] | |||
|width=200px | |||
|molname=streptomycin | |||
|synonyms= '''Kantrex®''' | |||
|molformula= C<sub>21</sub>H<sub>39</sub>N<sub>7</sub>O<sub>12</sub> | |||
|molmass= 581.5741 | |||
|uses= antibiotic drug | |||
|properties=aminoglycoside | |||
|hazards=see drug interactions | |||
|iupac= see chemistry section | |||
|casnumber=57-92-1 | |||
}} | |||
'''Streptomycin''' is an [[aminoglycoside]] [[antibiotic]] produced by the soil [[actinomycete]] ''[[Streptomyces griseus]]'' used to treat Gram-negative aerobic bacteria such as [[Acinetobacter]], [[Enterobacter]] and [[Pseudomonas]] and some mycobacteria, including those that cause [[tuberculosis]]. Aminoglycoside antibiotics are mostly ineffective against anearobic bacteria, fungi and viruses, but can be used from Gram-positive bacteria, although better antibiotic treatment options exist for them. | |||
== Mechanism of action == | == Mechanism of action == | ||
Aminoglycosides bind to four specific nucleotides in the [[16S]] rRNA around nucletide 1400 and one [[amino acid]] in the [[S12]] protein of the [[30S]] ribosomal subunit. This interferes with decoding site in the vicinity of nucleotide 1400 in 16S rRNA of 30S subunit. This interferes with the formation of an initiation complex and leads to misreading of mRNA and incorporation of incorrect amino acids into the polypeptide, which in turns leads to nonfunctional or toxic peptides and the breakup of [[polysome]]s into nonfunctional [[monosome]]s. | Aminoglycosides bind to four specific nucleotides in the [[16S]] rRNA around nucletide 1400 and one [[amino acid]] in the [[S12]] protein of the [[30S]] ribosomal subunit. This interferes with decoding site in the vicinity of nucleotide 1400 in 16S rRNA of 30S subunit. This interferes with the formation of an initiation complex and leads to misreading of mRNA and incorporation of incorrect amino acids into the polypeptide, which in turns leads to nonfunctional or toxic peptides and the breakup of [[polysome]]s into nonfunctional [[monosome]]s. | ||
== Chemistry == | |||
Its IUPAC chemical name is 2-[(1S,2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)-2-[(2R,3R,4R,5S)-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5R, | Its IUPAC chemical name is 2-[(1S,2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)-2-[(2R,3R,4R,5S)-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5R, | ||
6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-methylaminooxan-2-yl]oxy-4-formyl-4-hydroxy-5-methyloxolan-2-yl]oxy-3,4,6-trihydroxycyclohexyl]guanidine and it has chemical formula C<sub>21</sub>H<sub>39</sub>N<sub>7</sub>O<sub>12</sub>. | 6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-methylaminooxan-2-yl]oxy-4-formyl-4-hydroxy-5-methyloxolan-2-yl]oxy-3,4,6-trihydroxycyclohexyl]guanidine and it has chemical formula C<sub>21</sub>H<sub>39</sub>N<sub>7</sub>O<sub>12</sub>, giving it a molecular mass of 581.5741 g/mol. | ||
== External links == | == External links == | ||
{{CZMed}}[[Category:Suggestion Bot Tag]] | |||
Latest revision as of 16:01, 22 October 2024
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| Uses: | antibiotic drug | ||||||
| Properties: | aminoglycoside | ||||||
| Hazards: | see drug interactions | ||||||
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Streptomycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic produced by the soil actinomycete Streptomyces griseus used to treat Gram-negative aerobic bacteria such as Acinetobacter, Enterobacter and Pseudomonas and some mycobacteria, including those that cause tuberculosis. Aminoglycoside antibiotics are mostly ineffective against anearobic bacteria, fungi and viruses, but can be used from Gram-positive bacteria, although better antibiotic treatment options exist for them.
Mechanism of action
Aminoglycosides bind to four specific nucleotides in the 16S rRNA around nucletide 1400 and one amino acid in the S12 protein of the 30S ribosomal subunit. This interferes with decoding site in the vicinity of nucleotide 1400 in 16S rRNA of 30S subunit. This interferes with the formation of an initiation complex and leads to misreading of mRNA and incorporation of incorrect amino acids into the polypeptide, which in turns leads to nonfunctional or toxic peptides and the breakup of polysomes into nonfunctional monosomes.
Chemistry
Its IUPAC chemical name is 2-[(1S,2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)-2-[(2R,3R,4R,5S)-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5R, 6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-methylaminooxan-2-yl]oxy-4-formyl-4-hydroxy-5-methyloxolan-2-yl]oxy-3,4,6-trihydroxycyclohexyl]guanidine and it has chemical formula C21H39N7O12, giving it a molecular mass of 581.5741 g/mol.
External links
The most up-to-date information about Streptomycin and other drugs can be found at the following sites.
- Streptomycin - FDA approved drug information (drug label) from DailyMed (U.S. National Library of Medicine).
- Streptomycin - Drug information for consumers from MedlinePlus (U.S. National Library of Medicine).
- Streptomycin - Detailed information from DrugBank.