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'''The Calgary Highlanders''', an infantry regiment of the Land Force Reserve, has its headquarters at Mewata Armouries in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. The regiment is a unit of Land Force Command, a component of the Canadian Forces Reserve, and comes under the command of 41 Canadian Brigade Group, itself part of Land Force Western Area (LFWA), one of four land force areas in Canada.
The '''Calgary Highlanders''', an infantry regiment of the Land Force Reserve, has its headquarters at Mewata Armouries in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. The regiment is a unit of Land Force Command, a component of the Canadian Forces Reserve, and comes under the command of 41 Canadian Brigade Group, itself part of Land Force Western Area (LFWA), one of four land force areas in Canada.


==Regimental badge==
==Timeline of the regiment==
The regiment's cap badge was approved by General Order in 1921 and is based on that worn by the 10th Battalion, CEF, whom the regiment perpetuates. Significantly, a St Andrew's Cross has been added to the design (this is not a representation of the Roman Numeral ten as is often erroneously reported). The crown is of the reigning monarch; a Tudor Crown was used from the introduction of this badge until 1953, and the ascension of Queen Elizabeth II. The crown was then changed to a St Edward's pattern crown. The beaver and maple leaves are representative of Canada and the scrolls bearing thistles are representative of Scotland, appropriate for both a Highland regiment and for a regiment from Calgary, named itself for a location in Scotland.
*1910: Raised as 103rd Regiment (Calgary Rifles).
*1914: Contributed men to several battalions of Canadian Expeditionary Force (CEF), most notably 10th Battalion, whom they perpetuate.  
*1920: 103rd reorganized into Calgary Regiment.
*1921: Calgary Regiment divided into six battalions; 1st Battalion became Calgary Highlanders, 2nd Battalion became Calgary Regiment (later King's Own Calgary Regiment).  


==Lineage==
==Battle honours==
*1910: Raised as the 103rd Regiment (Calgary Rifles)
*1914: contributed men to several battalions of the Canadian Expeditionary Force, most notably the 10th, whom they perpetuate.
*1920: 103rd reorganized into The Calgary Regiment
*1921: The Calgary Regiment divided into six battalions, the 1st Battalion became The Calgary Highlanders and 2nd Battalion became The Calgary Regiment (later King's Own Calgary Regiment).


==Battle honours==
The Calgary Highlanders were first awarded battle honours on 15 September 1929, for the actions of 10th Battalion, CEF.
The Calgary Highlanders were first awarded battle honours for the actions of 10th Battalion, CEF, on 15 September 1929.


Oddly, the official granting of Battle Honours to 10th Battalion was not done until 15 October of the same year, with one minor change; while the Calgary Highlanders were granted "Arras, 1917, '18" as a battle honour, 10th Battalion's Honour read only "Arras, 1917."
Battle honours were not officially granted to 10th Battalion until 15 October 1929. However, while the Calgary Highlanders were awarded "Arras, 1917, '18", 10th Battalion's battle honour read only "Arras, 1917."


To the Calgary Highlanders' dismay, while the overall battle of Saint-Julien was considered worthy of a battle honour, the counterattack at Kitcheners' Wood was not. This led to the introduction of a special oak leaf shoulder badge, unique in the Canadian armed forces and worn only by three regiments at the time of adoption in 1938, and today by only two units, the Calgary Highlanders and the Canadian Scottish Regiment (Princess Mary's).
While the battle of Saint-Julien as a whole was considered worthy of a battle honour, to the disappointment of the Calgary Highlanders the counterattack at Kitcheners' Wood was not. As a result, a special oak-leaf shoulder badge was introduced. This badge, unique in the Canadian armed forces, was worn by only three regiments at its adoption in 1938, and is today worn by only two units, the Calgary Highlanders and the Canadian Scottish Regiment (Princess Mary's).


The battle honours for World War I and World War II, as granted to the Calgary Highlanders, are listed below.
Battle honours awarded the Calgary Highlanders for World War I and World War II follow.


===World War I===
===World War I===
Ypres, 1915–17, Gravenstafel, Saint-Julien, Festubert, 1915, Mount Sorrel, Somme, 1916, Thiepval, Ancre Heights, Arras, 1917, 1918, Vimy, 1917, Arleux, Hill 70, Passchendaele, Amiens, Scarpe, 1918, Drocourt-Quéant, Hindenburg Line, Canal du Nord, Pursuit to Mons, France and Flanders, 1915–18.


===Second World War ===
* Ypres, 1915–17
Bourguebus Ridge, Fauborg de Vaucelles, Verrierres Ridge, Tilly-la-Campagne, Falaise, Falaise Road, Clair Tizon, Foret de la Londe, Dunkirk, 1944, Wyneghem, Antwerp-Turnhout Canal, The Scheldt, Woensdrecht, South Beveland, Walcheren Causeway, The Rhineland, The Reichswald, The Hochwald, Xanten, The Rhine, Groningen, Oldenburg, North-West Europe, 1944–45.
* Drocourt-Quéant, Hindenburg Line, Canal du Nord, Pursuit to Mons, France and Flanders, 1915–18
* Gravenstafel, Saint-Julien, Festubert, 1915
* Mount Sorrel, Somme, 1916
* Thiepval, Ancre Heights, Arras, 1917, '18
* Vimy, 1917
* Arleux, Hill 70, Passchendaele, Amiens, Scarpe, 1918
 
===World War II===
 
* Bourguebus Ridge, Fauborg de Vaucelles, Verrierres Ridge, Tilly-la-Campagne, Falaise, Falaise Road, Clair Tizon, Foret de la Londe, Dunkirk, 1944
* Wyneghem, Antwerp-Turnhout Canal, The Scheldt, Woensdrecht, South Beveland, Walcheren Causeway, The Rhineland, The Reichswald, The Hochwald, Xanten, The Rhine, Groningen, Oldenburg, North-West Europe, 1944–45.


==Victoria Cross==
==Victoria Cross==
Two men of the regiment were awarded the Victoria Cross, Private Harry Brown and Acting Sergeant Arthur Knight. Three others were nominated but had lesser awards substituted. During World War I these were Lance Corporal George William Allan, DCM, and Captain Charles Costigan, DSO, MC, both of 10th Battalion, and in World War II Sergeant Clarence "Ken" Crockett, DCM, of 1st Battalion, Calgary Highlanders.
 
Two men of the regiment were awarded the Victoria Cross (VC) during World War I: Private Harry Brown (16 August 1917, Hill 80) and Acting Sergeant Arthur Knight (2 September 1918, Drocourt-Queant Line). Three others have also been nominated for the VC but received lesser medals: during World War I, Lance Corporal George William Allan, DCM, and Captain Charles Costigan, DSO, MC, both of 10th Battalion; and in World War II Sergeant Clarence "Ken" Crockett, DCM, of 1st Battalion, Calgary Highlanders.
 
==Regimental badge==
 
The regiment's cap badge (based on that of 10 Battalion, CEF) was approved in 1921. A St Andrew's Cross (not, as often wrongly thought, a Roman numeral X) has been added to the design. The crown is that of the reigning monarch; a Tudor crown was used from the inception of the badge until 1953, when Queen Elizabeth II was crowned. It was then changed to a St Edward's pattern. A beaver and maple leaves represent Canada, while thistle-bearing scrolls bearing thistles symbolise Scotland. This latter design is appropriate for a Highland regiment, particularly one from Calgary, which is named for a location in Scotland.


==References==
==References==
{{cite web |url=http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Calgary-Highlanders |title="Calgary Highlanders", ''NationMaster ''|accessdate=28 August 2008 |last= |first= }}
 
* {{cite web |url=http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Calgary-Highlanders |title="Calgary Highlanders", ''NationMaster ''|accessdate=28 August 2008 |last= |first= }}
* {{cite web |url=http://www.army.forces.gc.ca/CALGARY_HIGHLANDERS/history.htm |title="The Calgary Highlanders"|accessdate=29 August 2008 |last= |first= }}

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The Calgary Highlanders, an infantry regiment of the Land Force Reserve, has its headquarters at Mewata Armouries in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. The regiment is a unit of Land Force Command, a component of the Canadian Forces Reserve, and comes under the command of 41 Canadian Brigade Group, itself part of Land Force Western Area (LFWA), one of four land force areas in Canada.

Timeline of the regiment

  • 1910: Raised as 103rd Regiment (Calgary Rifles).
  • 1914: Contributed men to several battalions of Canadian Expeditionary Force (CEF), most notably 10th Battalion, whom they perpetuate.
  • 1920: 103rd reorganized into Calgary Regiment.
  • 1921: Calgary Regiment divided into six battalions; 1st Battalion became Calgary Highlanders, 2nd Battalion became Calgary Regiment (later King's Own Calgary Regiment).

Battle honours

The Calgary Highlanders were first awarded battle honours on 15 September 1929, for the actions of 10th Battalion, CEF.

Battle honours were not officially granted to 10th Battalion until 15 October 1929. However, while the Calgary Highlanders were awarded "Arras, 1917, '18", 10th Battalion's battle honour read only "Arras, 1917."

While the battle of Saint-Julien as a whole was considered worthy of a battle honour, to the disappointment of the Calgary Highlanders the counterattack at Kitcheners' Wood was not. As a result, a special oak-leaf shoulder badge was introduced. This badge, unique in the Canadian armed forces, was worn by only three regiments at its adoption in 1938, and is today worn by only two units, the Calgary Highlanders and the Canadian Scottish Regiment (Princess Mary's).

Battle honours awarded the Calgary Highlanders for World War I and World War II follow.

World War I

  • Ypres, 1915–17
  • Drocourt-Quéant, Hindenburg Line, Canal du Nord, Pursuit to Mons, France and Flanders, 1915–18
  • Gravenstafel, Saint-Julien, Festubert, 1915
  • Mount Sorrel, Somme, 1916
  • Thiepval, Ancre Heights, Arras, 1917, '18
  • Vimy, 1917
  • Arleux, Hill 70, Passchendaele, Amiens, Scarpe, 1918

World War II

  • Bourguebus Ridge, Fauborg de Vaucelles, Verrierres Ridge, Tilly-la-Campagne, Falaise, Falaise Road, Clair Tizon, Foret de la Londe, Dunkirk, 1944
  • Wyneghem, Antwerp-Turnhout Canal, The Scheldt, Woensdrecht, South Beveland, Walcheren Causeway, The Rhineland, The Reichswald, The Hochwald, Xanten, The Rhine, Groningen, Oldenburg, North-West Europe, 1944–45.

Victoria Cross

Two men of the regiment were awarded the Victoria Cross (VC) during World War I: Private Harry Brown (16 August 1917, Hill 80) and Acting Sergeant Arthur Knight (2 September 1918, Drocourt-Queant Line). Three others have also been nominated for the VC but received lesser medals: during World War I, Lance Corporal George William Allan, DCM, and Captain Charles Costigan, DSO, MC, both of 10th Battalion; and in World War II Sergeant Clarence "Ken" Crockett, DCM, of 1st Battalion, Calgary Highlanders.

Regimental badge

The regiment's cap badge (based on that of 10 Battalion, CEF) was approved in 1921. A St Andrew's Cross (not, as often wrongly thought, a Roman numeral X) has been added to the design. The crown is that of the reigning monarch; a Tudor crown was used from the inception of the badge until 1953, when Queen Elizabeth II was crowned. It was then changed to a St Edward's pattern. A beaver and maple leaves represent Canada, while thistle-bearing scrolls bearing thistles symbolise Scotland. This latter design is appropriate for a Highland regiment, particularly one from Calgary, which is named for a location in Scotland.

References

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