Atomic electron configuration: Difference between revisions

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The '''electron configuration''' of an atom specifies the occupation of its [[electron orbital|orbitals]]. The atomic orbitals (AOs) are labeled by a principal quantum number ''n'' = 1, ..., 7 and a letter that is in one to one correspondence with its angular momentum quantum number ''l'':
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The '''electron configuration''' of an atom specifies the occupation of its [[electron orbital|orbitals]]. The atomic orbitals (AOs) are labeled by a principal quantum number ''n'' = 1, ..., 7 and a letter that is in one-to-one correspondence with its orbital [[Angular_momentum_(quantum)|angular momentum]] quantum number ''l'':
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See [[hydrogen-like atom]] for a further explanation of this notation. See [[electron orbital|this article]] for the source of the AOs and the building-up principle. A table of atomic electron configurations of all natural elements is given below in increasing [[atomic number]]. The following table is a linear form of the [[Periodic Table of Elements]].
See [[hydrogen-like atom]] for a further explanation of this notation. See the article [[electron orbital|"Electron orbital"]] for the source of the AOs and the building-up principle. A table of atomic electron configurations of all natural elements is given below in increasing [[atomic number]]. The following table is a linear form of the [[Periodic table of elements]].




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<tr><td>14<td>Si  <td>[[Silicon]]    <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2    <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>6 <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>2<td>
<tr><td>14<td>Si  <td>[[Silicon]]    <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2    <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>6 <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>2<td>
<tr><td>15<td>P  <td>[[Phosphorus]]  <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2    <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>6 <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>3<td>
<tr><td>15<td>P  <td>[[Phosphorus]]  <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2    <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>6 <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>3<td>
<tr><td>16<td>S  <td>[[Sulfur]]      <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2    <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>6 <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>4<td>
<tr><td>16<td>S  <td>[[Sulphur]]      <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2    <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>6 <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>4<td>
<tr><td>17<td>Cl  <td>[[Chlorine]]    <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2    <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>6 <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>5<td>
<tr><td>17<td>Cl  <td>[[Chlorine]]    <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2    <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>6 <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>5<td>
<tr><td>18<td>Ar  <td>[[Argon]]      <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2    <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>6 <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>6<td>
<tr><td>18<td>Ar  <td>[[Argon]]      <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2    <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>6 <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>6<td>
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<tr><td>41<td>Nb  <td>[[Niobium]]    <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2    <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>6 <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>6<td>10  <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>6<td>4 <td>    <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">1<td>
<tr><td>41<td>Nb  <td>[[Niobium]]    <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2    <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>6 <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>6<td>10  <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>6<td>4 <td>    <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">1<td>
<tr><td>42<td>Mo  <td>[[Molybdenum]]  <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2    <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>6 <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>6<td>10  <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>6<td>5 <td>    <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">1<td>
<tr><td>42<td>Mo  <td>[[Molybdenum]]  <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2    <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>6 <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>6<td>10  <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>6<td>5 <td>    <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">1<td>
<tr><td>43<td>Tc  <td>[[Technetium]]  <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2    <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>6 <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>6<td>10  <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>6<td>6 <td>    <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">1<td>
<tr><td>43<td>Tc  <td>[[Technetium]]  <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2    <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>6 <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>6<td>10  <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>6<td>5 <td>    <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>
<tr><td>44<td>Ru  <td>[[Ruthenium]]  <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2    <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>6 <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>6<td>10  <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>6<td>7 <td>    <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">1<td>
<tr><td>44<td>Ru  <td>[[Ruthenium]]  <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2    <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>6 <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>6<td>10  <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>6<td>7 <td>    <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">1<td>
<tr><td>45<td>Rh  <td>[[Rhodium]]    <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2    <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>6 <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>6<td>10  <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>6<td>8 <td>    <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">1<td>
<tr><td>45<td>Rh  <td>[[Rhodium]]    <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2    <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>6 <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>6<td>10  <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>6<td>8 <td>    <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">1<td>
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</table>
</table>


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The electron configuration of an atom specifies the occupation of its orbitals. The atomic orbitals (AOs) are labeled by a principal quantum number n = 1, ..., 7 and a letter that is in one-to-one correspondence with its orbital angular momentum quantum number l:

See hydrogen-like atom for a further explanation of this notation. See the article "Electron orbital" for the source of the AOs and the building-up principle. A table of atomic electron configurations of all natural elements is given below in increasing atomic number. The following table is a linear form of the Periodic table of elements.


Table of Atomic Electron Configurations
First orbital in shell (ns-orbital) is shaded


Z Symbol Element 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d 4s 4p 4d 4f 5s 5p 5d 5f 6s 6p 6d 7s
1 H Hydrogen 1
2 He Helium 2
3 Li Lithium 2 1
4 Be Beryllium 2 2
5 B Boron 2 21
6 C Carbon 2 22
7 N Nitrogen 2 23
8 O Oxygen 2 24
9 F Fluorine 2 25
10Ne Neon 2 26
11Na Sodium 2 26 1
12Mg Magnesium 2 26 2
13Al Aluminium 2 26 21
14Si Silicon 2 26 22
15P Phosphorus 2 26 23
16S Sulphur 2 26 24
17Cl Chlorine 2 26 25
18Ar Argon 2 26 26
19Ka Potassium 2 26 26 1
20Ca Calcium 2 26 26 2
21Sc Scandium 2 26 261 2
22Ti Titanium 2 26 262 2
23V Vanadium 2 26 263 2
24Cr Chromium 2 26 265 1
25Mn Manganese 2 26 265 2
26Fe Iron 2 26 266 2
27Co Cobalt 2 26 267 2
28Ni Nickel 2 26 268 2
29Cu Copper 2 26 2610 1
30Zn Zinc 2 26 2610 2
31Ga Gallium 2 26 2610 21
32Ge Germanium 2 26 2610 22
33As Arsenic 2 26 2610 23
34Se Selenium 2 26 2610 24
35Br Bromine 2 26 2610 25
36Kr Krypton 2 26 2610 26
37Rb Rubidium 2 26 2610 26 1
38Sr Strontium 2 26 2610 26 2
39Y Yttrium 2 26 2610 261 2
40Zr Zirconium 2 26 2610 262 2
41Nb Niobium 2 26 2610 264 1
42Mo Molybdenum 2 26 2610 265 1
43Tc Technetium 2 26 2610 265 2
44Ru Ruthenium 2 26 2610 267 1
45Rh Rhodium 2 26 2610 268 1
46Pd Palladium 2 26 2610 2610
47Ag Silver 2 26 2610 2610 1
48Cd Cadmium 2 26 2610 2610 2
49In Indium 2 26 2610 2610 21
50Sn Tin 2 26 2610 2610 22
51Sb Antimony 2 26 2610 2610 23
52Te Tellurium 2 26 2610 2610 24
53I Iodine 2 26 2610 2610 25
54Xe Xenon 2 26 2610 2610 26
55Cs Caesium 2 26 2610 2610 26 1
56Ba Barium 2 26 2610 2610 26 2
57La Lanthanum 2 26 2610 2610 261 2
58Ce Cerium 2 26 2610 26101 261 2
59Pr Praseodymium2 26 2610 26103 26 2
60Nd Neodymium 2 26 2610 26104 26 2
61Pm Promethium 2 26 2610 26105 26 2
62Sm Samarium 2 26 2610 26106 26 2
63Eu Europium 2 26 2610 26107 26 2
64Gd Gadolinium 2 26 2610 26107 261 2
65Tb Terbium 2 26 2610 26109 26 2
66Dy Dysprosium 2 26 2610 261010 26 2
67Ho Holmium 2 26 2610 261011 26 2
68Er Erbium 2 26 2610 261012 26 2
69Tm Thulium 2 26 2610 261013 26 2
70Yb Ytterbium 2 26 2610 261014 26 2
71Lu Lutetium 2 26 2610 261014 261 2
72Hf Hafnium 2 26 2610 261014 262 2
73Ta Tantalum 2 26 2610 261014 263 2
74W Tungsten 2 26 2610 261014 264 2
75Re Rhenium 2 26 2610 261014 265 2
76Os Osmium 2 26 2610 261014 266 2
77Ir Iridium 2 26 2610 261014 267 2
78Pt Platinum 2 26 2610 261014 269 1
79Au Gold 2 26 2610 261014 2610 1
80Hg Mercury 2 26 2610 261014 2610 2
81Tl Thallium 2 26 2610 261014 2610 21
82Pb Lead 2 26 2610 261014 2610 22
83Bi Bismuth 2 26 2610 261014 2610 23
84Po Polonium 2 26 2610 261014 2610 24
85At Astatine 2 26 2610 261014 2610 25
86Rn Radon 2 26 2610 261014 2610 26
87Fr Francium 2 26 2610 261014 2610 26 1
88Ra Radium 2 26 2610 261014 2610 26 2
89Ac Actinium 2 26 2610 261014 2610 261 2
90Th Thorium 2 26 2610 261014 2610 262 2
91Pa Protactinium2 26 2610 261014 26102 261 2
92U Uranium 2 26 2610 261014 26103 261 2
93Np Neptunium 2 26 2610 261014 26104 261 2
94Pu Plutonium 2 26 2610 261014 26106 26 2
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