Erythrocyte transfusion: Difference between revisions

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In [[medicine]], '''erythrocyte transfusion''' or '''red blood cell transfusion''' is the "transfer of [[erythrocyte]]s from a donor to a recipient or reinfusion to the donor."<ref>{{MeSH}}</ref>
In [[medicine]], '''erythrocyte transfusion''' or '''red blood cell transfusion''' is the "transfer of [[erythrocyte]]s from a donor to a recipient or reinfusion to the donor."<ref>{{MeSH}}</ref>


==Adverse effects==
==Effect==
===Immunologic reactions===
Each unit of packed cells is 300 mL, containing 200 mL of red cells. The equation for predicting the rise in hemoglobin (g/dl) in adults from a transfusion is:<ref name="pmid20154545">{{cite journal| author=Lee JH, Kim DH, Kim K, Rhee JE, Kim TY, Jo YH et al.| title=Predicting change of hemoglobin after transfusion in hemodynamically stable anemic patients in emergency department. | journal=J Trauma | year= 2010 | volume= 68 | issue= 2 | pages= 337-41 | pmid=20154545
* '''Febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reactions (FNHTR)''' due to destruction of incompatible donor white blood cells
| url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=clinical.uthscsa.edu/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20154545 | doi=10.1097/TA.0b013e3181c9f3aa }} </ref>
* '''Hemolytic reactions''' due to [[blood group incompatibility]] is "mismatch between donor and recipient blood. [[Antibody|Antibodies]] present in the recipient's serum are directed against [[antigen]]s in the donor product. Such a mismatch may result in a transfusion reaction in which, for example, donor blood is hemolyzed."<ref>{{MeSH|Blood group incompatibility}}</ref>
:<math>\text{Increase of hemoglobin} = 5.43 - 1.71 \times \text{body surface area} - 0.31 \times \text{initial  hemoglobin} + 0.72\times\text{units transfused}</math>
** Acute hemolytic transfusion reactions due to ABO incompatibility
** Delayed hemolytic transfusion reactions
* '''Allergic reactions'''
** Anaphylactic transfusion reactions may occur, especially in patients with IgA-deficiency.
** Urticaria may occur due to the recipient's IgE reacting to antigens from the donor.
* '''Posttransfusion purpura (PTP)''' due to thrombocytopenia from platelet antibodies. This is more common in women who have been pregnant.
* Transfusion associated '''graft-versus-host disease''' (TA-GVHD)


===Chemical reactions===
The increase is approximately 1 g/dl in adults.<ref name="pmid8037410">{{cite journal| author=Wiesen AR, Hospenthal DR, Byrd JC, Glass KL, Howard RS, Diehl LF| title=Equilibration of hemoglobin concentration after transfusion in medical inpatients not actively bleeding. | journal=Ann Intern Med | year= 1994 | volume= 121 | issue= 4 | pages= 278-30 | pmid=8037410
* Hemosiderosis
| url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=clinical.uthscsa.edu/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8037410 }} </ref>
* Hypocalcemia from citrate toxicity
* Hyperkalemia
* Metabolic alkalosis and hypokalemia due to citrate


===Transmission of infection===
==Adverse effects==
 
{{main|Transfusion reaction}}
===Other reactions===
* Hypothermia
* Circulatory overload
* Hypotension associated with leukoreduced blood
* Transfusion-related acute lung injury (pulmonary leukoagglutinin reaction) (TRALI)


==References==
==References==
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==External links==
==External links==
* [http://www.aabb.org/ American Association of Blood Banks (AABB)]
* [http://www.isbt-web.org/ International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT)]
* [http://www.isbt-web.org/ International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT)]
* Dean L. (2005) [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=rbcantigen Blood Groups and Red Cell Antigens] NCBI
* Dean L. (2005) [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=rbcantigen Blood Groups and Red Cell Antigens] NCBI
** [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=rbcantigen&part=ch3 Blood transfusions and the immune system]
** [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=rbcantigen&part=ch3 Blood transfusions and the immune system][[Category:Suggestion Bot Tag]]

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For more information, see: Whole blood and blood component transfusion.

In medicine, erythrocyte transfusion or red blood cell transfusion is the "transfer of erythrocytes from a donor to a recipient or reinfusion to the donor."[1]

Effect

Each unit of packed cells is 300 mL, containing 200 mL of red cells. The equation for predicting the rise in hemoglobin (g/dl) in adults from a transfusion is:[2]

The increase is approximately 1 g/dl in adults.[3]

Adverse effects

For more information, see: Transfusion reaction.


References

External links