Black River Escarpment (Wisconsin): Difference between revisions
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The '''Black River Escarpment''' is a geological feature in Eastern [[Wisconsin]].<ref name=Martin1965> | [[File:Gibraltar Rock.JPG | thumb | Gibraltar Rock is an isolated outcropping of the Black River Escarpment that sightseers enjoy for its scenic view.]] | ||
The '''Black River Escarpment''' is a geological feature in Eastern [[Wisconsin]] that includes [[Gibraltar Rock]], an isolated outcrop overlooking the [[Wisconsin River]]..<ref name=UsgsHydrogeologicMichigan/><ref name=Martin1965> | |||
{{cite book | {{cite book | ||
| isbn=9780299034757 | | isbn=9780299034757 | ||
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The escarpment marks the boundary between bedrock from [[Lower Magnesian]] [[limestone]] [[bedrock]] and earlier Black River limestone. | The escarpment marks the boundary between bedrock from [[Lower Magnesian]] [[limestone]] [[bedrock]] and earlier Black River limestone. | ||
The escarpment emerges from [[Green Bay]], on [[Lake Michigan]]. | The escarpment emerges from [[Green Bay]], on [[Lake Michigan]]. | ||
The escarpment's boundaries are not always visible to the untrained eye, but are | The escarpment's boundaries are not always visible to the untrained eye, but are marked by cliffs in some regions. | ||
[[Gibraltar Rock]] is an isolated outcrop of the Escarpment, that overlooks the [[Wisconsin River]].<ref name=BivyGibraltar/> Sightseers follow a hiking trail to its top, because it provides a scenic view. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|refs= | {{Reflist|refs= | ||
<ref name=UsgsHydrogeologicMichigan> | |||
{{cite news | {{cite news | ||
| url = | | url = https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1236/pdf/OFR2007-1236.pdf | ||
| title = | | title = Summary of Hydrogeologic Conditions by County for the State of Michigan | ||
| work = | | work = [[United States Geological Service]] | ||
| author = | | author = | ||
| date = | | date = | ||
| Line 44: | Line 47: | ||
| accessdate = 2023-10-14 | | accessdate = 2023-10-14 | ||
| url-status = live | | url-status = live | ||
| quote = | | quote = The moraines north of the Black River escarpment are composed of sand and gravel dominated till, while the moraines south of the Black River escarpment are composed of clay dominated till or boulder and clay dominated till. | ||
}} | }} | ||
</ref> | </ref> | ||
<ref name=BivyGibraltar> | |||
{{cite news | {{cite news | ||
| url = | | url = https://www.bivy.com/adventures/us/wisconsin/gibraltar-rock-5831719345192960 | ||
| title = | | title = Gibraltar Rock: Columbia County, Wisconsin | ||
| work = | | work = | ||
| author = | | author = | ||
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| accessdate = 2023-10-14 | | accessdate = 2023-10-14 | ||
| url-status = live | | url-status = live | ||
| quote = | | quote = Gibraltar Rock is a sandstone bluff that rises up, suddenly, out of the earth and is an outlier of the Black River Escarpment that was, at one time, attached and has become separated by erosion. | ||
}} | }} | ||
</ref> | </ref> | ||
Latest revision as of 10:55, 15 October 2023
The Black River Escarpment is a geological feature in Eastern Wisconsin that includes Gibraltar Rock, an isolated outcrop overlooking the Wisconsin River..[1][2][3] The escarpment runs parallel to and between the Niagara Escarpment and the Magnesian Escarpment. The escarpment marks the boundary between bedrock from Lower Magnesian limestone bedrock and earlier Black River limestone. The escarpment emerges from Green Bay, on Lake Michigan. The escarpment's boundaries are not always visible to the untrained eye, but are marked by cliffs in some regions.
Gibraltar Rock is an isolated outcrop of the Escarpment, that overlooks the Wisconsin River.[4] Sightseers follow a hiking trail to its top, because it provides a scenic view.
References
- ↑ Summary of Hydrogeologic Conditions by County for the State of Michigan, United States Geological Service. Retrieved on 2023-10-14. “The moraines north of the Black River escarpment are composed of sand and gravel dominated till, while the moraines south of the Black River escarpment are composed of clay dominated till or boulder and clay dominated till.”
- ↑ Lawrence Martin (1965). The physical geography of Wisconsin. University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 9780299034757. Retrieved on 2010-09-14.
- ↑ The Eastern Ridges and Lowlands of Wisconsin, Wisconsin Online. Retrieved on 2010-09-14. mirror
- ↑ Gibraltar Rock: Columbia County, Wisconsin. Retrieved on 2023-10-14. “Gibraltar Rock is a sandstone bluff that rises up, suddenly, out of the earth and is an outlier of the Black River Escarpment that was, at one time, attached and has become separated by erosion.”