Official Opposition (UK): Difference between revisions
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The '''Official Opposition''', fully '''Her Majesty's Official Opposition''', comprises the largest [[political party]] in opposition to the [[Government of the United Kingdom|government]] in the [[House of Commons (United Kingdom)|House of Commons]] and the [[House of Lords]], i.e. the second-largest party in the [[Parliament of the United Kingdom]]. The [[Leader of the Opposition (UK)|Leader of the Opposition]] | The '''Official Opposition''', fully '''Her Majesty's Official Opposition''', comprises the largest [[political party]] in opposition to the [[Government of the United Kingdom|government]] in the [[House of Commons (United Kingdom)|House of Commons]] and the [[House of Lords]], i.e. the second-largest party in the [[Parliament of the United Kingdom]]. The [[Leader of the Opposition (UK)|Leader of the Opposition]] heads a 'Shadow [[Cabinet of the United Kingdom|Cabinet]]' of senior Opposition politicians, each of whom scrutinises the work of equivalent government ministers. Since May 2010 the [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]] has formed the Opposition, with [[Harriet Harman]] as Leader of the Opposition for an interim period. | ||
==House of Commons== | ==House of Commons== | ||
When the Opposition party wins a [[General election (UK)|general election]], it is expected that it will be formally invited to form a new government, and the party leader (usually the Leader of the Opposition in the House of Commons) will become the next [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Minister]]. In contrast, a new Leader of the Opposition emerges immediately, without any formal ceremony - for example, when [[John Major]] resigned as Prime Minister in 1997 following an election defeat, he left [[Buckingham Palace]] as the Leader of the Opposition, as his party was now second-placed in terms of number of seats in Parliament. | When the Opposition party wins a [[General election (UK)|general election]], it is expected that it will be formally invited to form a new government, and the party leader (usually the Leader of the Opposition in the House of Commons) will become the next [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Minister]]. In contrast, a new Leader of the Opposition emerges immediately, without any formal ceremony - for example, when [[John Major]] resigned as Prime Minister in 1997 following an election defeat, he left [[Buckingham Palace]] as the Leader of the Opposition, as his party was now second-placed in terms of number of seats in Parliament. By contrast, when [[Gordon Brown]] stepped down as Prime Minister, he did not become Leader of the Opposition due to his resignation from the leadership of the second-placed Labour Party. | ||
The Opposition receives the largest share of 'Short Money' (state funding); for example, in 2005-2006 the Conservatives received over £4 million in various expenses, with money also spent on vehicles and security.<ref>''The Review of the Funding of Political Parties'': '[http://www.partyfundingreview.gov.uk/htms/existfunding.htm Existing state funding - what political parties are already entitled to]'.</ref> In other words, in the British parliamentary system, the public pays political parties to oppose the elected government. | The Opposition receives the largest share of 'Short Money' (state funding); for example, in 2005-2006 the Conservatives received over £4 million in various expenses, with money also spent on vehicles and security.<ref>''The Review of the Funding of Political Parties'': '[http://www.partyfundingreview.gov.uk/htms/existfunding.htm Existing state funding - what political parties are already entitled to]'.</ref> In other words, in the British parliamentary system, the public pays political parties to oppose the elected government. | ||
As a potential Prime-Minister-in-waiting, the Leader of the Opposition's most prominent parliamentary duty is the weekly appearance at a debate known as 'Prime Minister's Questions', in which the Leader of the Opposition faces the Prime Minister over the floor of the House of Commons. The Opposition Leader asks six questions, which are not made available to the Prime Minister's office in advance. Another way in which parliamentary activities present the Opposition as a potential future government is at the [[State Opening of Parliament]], where the Shadow Cabinet joins senior members of the government at the head of a procession from the Commons to the House of Lords. | As a potential Prime-Minister-in-waiting, the Leader of the Opposition's most prominent parliamentary duty is the weekly appearance at a debate known as 'Prime Minister's Questions', in which the Leader of the Opposition faces the Prime Minister over the floor of the House of Commons. The Opposition Leader asks six questions, which are not made available to the Prime Minister's office in advance. Another way in which parliamentary activities present the Opposition as a potential future government is at the [[State Opening of Parliament]], where the Shadow Cabinet joins senior members of the government at the head of a procession from the Commons to the House of Lords. | ||
==Shadow Cabinet== | |||
The Leader of the Opposition heads a group of senior party politicians who 'shadow' the work of their opposite numbers in government. These appointments are made by the Opposition leader when the [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]] is in opposition, while in the Labour Party where the posts are elected; this generally obligates an incoming Labour prime minister to appoint them as ministers, those not necessarily in the positions they had been shadowing. | |||
==Footnotes== | ==Footnotes== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
Revision as of 01:57, 22 May 2010
The Official Opposition, fully Her Majesty's Official Opposition, comprises the largest political party in opposition to the government in the House of Commons and the House of Lords, i.e. the second-largest party in the Parliament of the United Kingdom. The Leader of the Opposition heads a 'Shadow Cabinet' of senior Opposition politicians, each of whom scrutinises the work of equivalent government ministers. Since May 2010 the Labour Party has formed the Opposition, with Harriet Harman as Leader of the Opposition for an interim period.
House of Commons
When the Opposition party wins a general election, it is expected that it will be formally invited to form a new government, and the party leader (usually the Leader of the Opposition in the House of Commons) will become the next Prime Minister. In contrast, a new Leader of the Opposition emerges immediately, without any formal ceremony - for example, when John Major resigned as Prime Minister in 1997 following an election defeat, he left Buckingham Palace as the Leader of the Opposition, as his party was now second-placed in terms of number of seats in Parliament. By contrast, when Gordon Brown stepped down as Prime Minister, he did not become Leader of the Opposition due to his resignation from the leadership of the second-placed Labour Party.
The Opposition receives the largest share of 'Short Money' (state funding); for example, in 2005-2006 the Conservatives received over £4 million in various expenses, with money also spent on vehicles and security.[1] In other words, in the British parliamentary system, the public pays political parties to oppose the elected government.
As a potential Prime-Minister-in-waiting, the Leader of the Opposition's most prominent parliamentary duty is the weekly appearance at a debate known as 'Prime Minister's Questions', in which the Leader of the Opposition faces the Prime Minister over the floor of the House of Commons. The Opposition Leader asks six questions, which are not made available to the Prime Minister's office in advance. Another way in which parliamentary activities present the Opposition as a potential future government is at the State Opening of Parliament, where the Shadow Cabinet joins senior members of the government at the head of a procession from the Commons to the House of Lords.
Shadow Cabinet
The Leader of the Opposition heads a group of senior party politicians who 'shadow' the work of their opposite numbers in government. These appointments are made by the Opposition leader when the Conservative Party is in opposition, while in the Labour Party where the posts are elected; this generally obligates an incoming Labour prime minister to appoint them as ministers, those not necessarily in the positions they had been shadowing.
Footnotes
- ↑ The Review of the Funding of Political Parties: 'Existing state funding - what political parties are already entitled to'.