Borna disease virus

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Borna disease virus
Scientific classification
Order: Mononegavirales
Family: Bornaviridae
Genus: Bornavirus
Species: Borna disease virus


Description and significance

A neurotropic, noncytolytic, negative, and single-stranded enveloped RNA virus. It has a wide geographic distribution and host range,[1] including horses, sheep, and humans. In humans, it causes a range of neurological disorders ranging from encephalitis[2] to manic-depressive symptoms. Some studies have demonstrated a therapeutic effect of the antiviral agent amantadine in BDV-infected, depressed patients.

Genome structure

BDV has a ca. 8.9 kb genome size of encapsulated, non-segmented, single-stranded RNA[1][3] with five open reading frames (ORFs).[4] ORFs I, II, and III correspond to 40-kDa p40, 24-kDa p24, and 14.5-kDa p14.5 BDV proteins, respectively.[3]

BDV replicates and transcribes in the nuclei of its hosts

Cell structure and metabolism

Ecology

Pathology

Application to Biotechnology

Current Research

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Richt, J.A., Pfeuffer, I., Christ, M., Frese, K., Bechter, K., Herzog, S. Borna disease virus infection in animals and humans. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 3(3). 1997: 343-352.
  2. ↑ Bode, L., Ludwig, H. Clinical similarities and close genetic relationship of human and animal Borna disease virus. Archives of Virology Supplement, 13. 1997: 167-82
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 de la Torre, J.C. Molecular biology of Borna Disease Virus: Prototype of a new group of animal viruses. Journal of Virology, 68(12). 1994: 7669-75.
  4. ↑ Briese, T., Schneemann, A., Lewis, A., Park, Y., Kim, H., Ludwig, H., and Lipkin, I. Genomic organization of Borna disease virus. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 91(10). 1994: 4362-66.
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