Ottoman Empire

The Ottoman Empire controlled much of the Middle East from the 15th century to 1923.

Bibliography

• Abou-el-Haj, Rifa‘t ‘Ali. Formation of the Modern State: The Ottoman Empire, Sixteenth to Eighteenth Centuries. 1991
• Gibb, Hamilton, and Harold Bowen. Islamic Society and the West. Vol. 1, pt. 2. London, 1963
• Holt, P. M. Egypt and the Fertile Crescent, 1516–1922: A Political History. 1966.
• Itzkowitz, Norman. Ottoman Empire and Islamic Tradition. 1972.
• Levy, Avigdor, ed. The Jews of the Ottoman Empire, 1994.

Post 1830

• Ahmad, Feroz. The Young Turks: The Committee of Union and Progress in Turkish Politics, 1908–1914, 1969.
• Black, Cyril E., and L. Carl Brown. Modernization in the Middle East: The Ottoman Empire and Its Afro-Asian Successors. 1992.
• Findley, Carter. Bureaucratic Reform in the Ottoman Empire. 1980.
• Karpat, Kemal. Ottoman Population, 1830–1914 1985.
• Kayali, Hasan. Arabs and Young Turks: Ottomanism, Arabism, and Islamism in the Ottoman Empire, 1908-1918 University of California Press, 1997; complete text online
• Kushner, David. The Rise of Turkish Nationalism, 1876–1908. 1977.
• Ma’oz, Moshe. Ottoman Reform in Syria and Palestine, 1840–1861. 1968.
• Mardin, Şerif. The Genesis of Young Ottoman Thought. 1962.
• Miller, William. The Ottoman Empire, 1801–1913. 1913
• Owen, Roger. The Middle East in the World Economy, 1800–1914. 1981
• Quataert, Donald. Social Disintegration and Popular Resistance in the Ottoman Empire, 1881–1908. 1983.
• Ramsaur, E. E. The Young Turks: Prelude to the Revolution of 1908. 1957.
• Shaw, Stanford J., and Ezel Kural Shaw. History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey. Vol. 2, Reform, Revolution, and Republic: The Rise of Modern Turkey, 1808–1975. 1977.
• Toledano, Ehud R. The Ottoman Slave Trade and Its Suppression, 1840–1890. 1982