Muammar Gaddafi
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Muammar Gaddafi, accurately Muammar Al Qadhdhafi, also known as Colonel Gaddafi, born 7 June 1942, is a Libyan military officier, a politician and the de facto leader of Libya since a coup in 1969. His authority has been seriously challenged since the popular uprising that began in February 2011.
His Arabic name is written معمر القذافي and pronounced [muˈʕamːaru lqaðˈðaːfiː] or, locally, [muˈʕæmːɑrˤ əlɡædˈdæːfi]. It has received many transcriptions in English: Muʿammar Al Qadhdhāfī is the most exact one, Muammar Gaddafi is the most frequent one. Other romanization attempts are Moammar (Al) Gadhafi, Muammar (Al) Qaddafi, Qadhafi, Qaddhafi, Qathafi, Gathafi, Gheddafi, Kadhafi, Khaddafi, Khadafy, etc.