Opioid analgesic

From Citizendium
Revision as of 08:31, 29 May 2008 by imported>Robert Badgett (→‎Pharmacology)
Jump to navigation Jump to search
This article is developing and not approved.
 Main Article
 Discussion
Related Articles  [?]
Bibliography  [?]
External Links  [?]
Citable Version  [?]
 
https://en.citizendium.org/wiki/index.php?title=Opioid_analgesic&printable=yes
This editable Main Article is under development and subject to a disclaimer.

Opioid analgesics, also called narcotics, are drugs usually used for treating pain. Opiod analgesics are defined as "all of the natural and semisynthetic alkaloid derivatives from opium, their pharmacologically similar synthetic surrogates, as well as all other compounds whose opioid-like actions are blocked by the nonselective opioid receptor antagonist naloxone.[1]

Pharmacology

There a several cell surface receptors for opioids. All are are G-protein-coupled receptors. The major subtypes of opioid receptors are:

  • Mu receptors are responsible for analgesia.
  • Delta
  • Kappa

Available opioid analgesics

Current opioid analgesics are:[2]

  1. 18,19-dihydroetorphine
  2. Alfentanil
  3. Alphaprodine
  4. beta-casomorphins
  5. Buprenorphine
  6. Butorphanol
  7. carfentanil
  8. Codeine
  9. deltorphin I, Ala(2)-
  10. dermorphin
  11. Dextromoramide
  12. Dextropropoxyphene
  13. dezocine
  14. dihydrocodeine
  15. Dihydromorphine
  16. Diphenoxylate
  17. dynorphin (1-13)
  18. endomorphin 1
  19. endomorphin 2
  20. Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-
  21. Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-
  22. enkephalin-Met, Ala(2)-
  23. eseroline
  24. Ethylketocyclazocine
  25. Ethylmorphine
  26. Etorphine
  27. Fentanyl
  28. Heroin
  29. Hydrocodone
  30. Hydromorphone
  31. ketobemidone
  32. Levorphanol
  33. lofentanil
  34. Meperidine
  35. Meptazinol
  36. Methadone
  37. Methadyl Acetate
  38. Morphine
  39. Nalbuphine
  40. nocistatin
  41. Opiate Alkaloids
  42. Opium
  43. Oxycodone
  44. Oxymorphone
  45. paracymethadol
  46. Pentazocine
  47. Phenazocine
  48. Phenoperidine
  49. Pirinitramide
  50. Promedol
  51. protopine
  52. remifentanil
  53. Sufentanil
  54. Tilidine
  55. Tramadol
  56. tyrosyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-3-isoquinolinecarbonyl-phenylalanyl-phenylalanine

References

  1. ↑ Katzung, Bertram G. (2006). Basic and clinical pharmacology. New York: McGraw-Hill Medical Publishing Division, 512. ISBN 0-07-145153-6. 
  2. ↑ Anonymous (2024), Opioid analgesics (English). Medical Subject Headings. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
Retrieved from "https://citizendium.org/wiki/index.php?title=Opioid_analgesic&oldid=477911"