Antineoplastic agent: Difference between revisions

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==== Pyrimidine analogues====
==== Pyrimidine analogues====
ATC/DDD group [http://www.whocc.no/atcddd/indexdatabase/index.php?query=L01BC L01BC].
ATC/DDD group [http://www.whocc.no/atcddd/indexdatabase/index.php?query=L01BC L01BC]. Examples include:
* [[Methotrexate]] "is an inhibitor of [[tetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase]] and prevents the formation of [[tetrahydrofolate]], necessary for synthesis of thymidylate, an essential component of DNA."<ref>{{MeSH|Methotrexate}}</ref>
* [Raltitrexed]]
* [[Pemetrexed]]


=== Plant alkaloids and other natural products===
=== Plant alkaloids and other natural products===

Revision as of 22:34, 4 February 2009

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In medicine, antineoplastic agents are "substances that inhibit or prevent the proliferation of neoplasms".[1] Generally, antineoplastic agents are for treating malignant neoplasms such as cancers and sarcomas.

Classification

This classification is based on World Health Organization's Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology.[2]

Alkylating agents

ATC/DDD group L01A. Alkylating antineoplastic agents are a "class of drugs that differs from other alkylating agents used clinically in that they are monofunctional and thus unable to cross-link cellular macromolecules. Among their common properties are a requirement for metabolic activation to intermediates with antitumor efficacy and the presence in their chemical structures of N-methyl groups, that after metabolism, can covalently modify cellular DNA. The precise mechanisms by which each of these drugs acts to kill tumor cells are not completely understood."[3]

Nitrogen mustard analogues

ATC/DDD group L01AA.

Alkyl sulfonates

ATC/DDD group L01AB.

Ethylene imines

ATC/DDD group L01AC.

Nitrosoureas

ATC/DDD group L01AD.

Epoxides

ATC/DDD group L01AG.

Other alkylating agents

ATC/DDD group L01AX.

Antimetabolites

ATC/DDD group L01B. Antineoplastic antimetabolites are "antimetabolites that are useful in cancer chemotherapy."[4]

Folic acid analogues

ATC/DDD group L01BA.

Purine analogues

ATC/DDD group L01BB.

Pyrimidine analogues

ATC/DDD group L01BC. Examples include:

Plant alkaloids and other natural products

ATC/DDD group L01C.

Vinca alkaloids and analogues

ATC/DDD group L01CA.

Podophyllotoxin derivatives

ATC/DDD group L01CB.

Colchicine derivatives

ATC/DDD group L01CC.

Taxanes

ATC/DDD group L01CD.

Other plant alkaloids and natural products

ATC/DDD group L01CX.

Cytotoxic antibiotics and related substances

ATC/DDD group L01D.

Actinomycines

ATC/DDD group L01DA.

Anthracyclines and related substances

ATC/DDD group L01DB.

Other cytotoxic antibiotics

ATC/DDD group L01DC.

Other antineoplastic agents

ATC/DDD group L01X.

Platinum compounds

ATC/DDD group L01XA.

Methylhydrazines

ATC/DDD group L01XB.

Monoclonal antibodies

ATC/DDD group L01XC. Examples include:

Anti-EGRF
Anti-EpCAM
Anti-ERBB2
Anti-CD3 and anti-EpCAM
  • Catumaxomab. Is a monoclonal antibody against CD3 (Entrez protein)and EpCAM (Entrez protein). "Extracorporeal PBMNC coating with catumaxomab may be an option to control intravascular cytokine release induced by therapeutic antibodies".[9]
Anti-MS4A1 (CD20 antigen)
Anti-SIGLEC3 (CD33)
Anti-CD52
  • Alemtuzumab is a "a therapeutic antibody directed against the CDw52 antigen (Entrez protein) expressed by the lymphocytes and has proven lytic abilities both in vitro and in vivo; has been sequenced".[12]
Anti-VEGF
  • Bevacizumab is an "anti-VEGF (Entrez protein) monoclonal antibody consisting of humanized murine antibody with antigen-binding, complementary-determining regions from murine VEGF".[13]

Sensitizers used in photodynamic/radiation therapy

ATC/DDD group L01XD.

Protein kinase inhibitors

ATC/DDD group L01XE. Examples include imatinib, gefitinib, erlotinib, sunitinib, sorafenib, dasatinib, lapatinib, nilotinib, and temsirolimus.

References

  1. ↑ Anonymous (2024), Antineoplastic agent (English). Medical Subject Headings. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  2. ↑ Anonymous. WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology. World Health Organization. Retrieved on 2009-02-04.
  3. ↑ Anonymous (2024), Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating (English). Medical Subject Headings. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ↑ Anonymous (2024), Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating (English). Medical Subject Headings. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ↑ Anonymous (2024), Methotrexate (English). Medical Subject Headings. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  6. ↑ Anonymous (2024), Panitumumab [Substance Name] (English). Medical Subject Headings. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  7. ↑ Anonymous (2024), edrecolomab [Substance Name] (English). Medical Subject Headings. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  8. ↑ Anonymous (2024), Trastuzumab [Substance Name] (English). Medical Subject Headings. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  9. ↑ Anonymous (2024), Catumaxomab [Substance Name] (English). Medical Subject Headings. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  10. ↑ Anonymous (2024), Rituximab [Substance Name] (English). Medical Subject Headings. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  11. ↑ Anonymous (2024), Gemtuzumab [Substance Name] (English). Medical Subject Headings. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  12. ↑ Anonymous (2024), Alemtuzumab [Substance Name] (English). Medical Subject Headings. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  13. ↑ Anonymous (2024), Bevacizumab [Substance Name] (English). Medical Subject Headings. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
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