Common cold: Difference between revisions
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The '''common cold''' is a "catarrhal<ref>Inflammation of the nose and throat with increased production of mucus.</ref> disorder of the upper respiratory tract, which may be viral, a mixed infection, or an allergic reaction. It is marked by acute coryza,<ref> inflammation of the mucous membrane lining the nose (usually associated with nasal discharge).</ref> slight rise in [[fever|temperature]], chilly sensations, and general indisposition."<ref>{{MeSH}}</ref> | The '''common cold''' is a "catarrhal<ref>Inflammation of the nose and throat with increased production of mucus.</ref> disorder of the upper respiratory tract, which may be viral, a mixed infection, or an allergic reaction. It is marked by acute coryza,<ref> inflammation of the mucous membrane lining the nose (usually associated with nasal discharge).</ref> slight rise in [[fever|temperature]], chilly sensations, and general indisposition."<ref>{{MeSH}}</ref> | ||
==Epidemiology== | |||
"Rhinoviruses are frequently transmitted from children to other family members. Most rhinovirus infections in young children are symptomatic, but secondary infections in adults are often asymptomatic. Multiple virus types circulate simultaneously in families."<ref name="pmid18248302">{{cite journal| author=Peltola V, Waris M, Osterback R, Susi P, Ruuskanen O, Hyypiä T| title=Rhinovirus transmission within families with children: incidence of symptomatic and asymptomatic infections. | journal=J Infect Dis | year= 2008 | volume= 197 | issue= 3 | pages= 382-9 | pmid=18248302 | |||
| url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18248302 | doi=10.1086/525542 }} <!--Formatted by http://sumsearch.uthscsa.edu/cite/--></ref> | |||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
Revision as of 20:04, 17 November 2009
The common cold is a "catarrhal[1] disorder of the upper respiratory tract, which may be viral, a mixed infection, or an allergic reaction. It is marked by acute coryza,[2] slight rise in temperature, chilly sensations, and general indisposition."[3]
Epidemiology
"Rhinoviruses are frequently transmitted from children to other family members. Most rhinovirus infections in young children are symptomatic, but secondary infections in adults are often asymptomatic. Multiple virus types circulate simultaneously in families."[4]
Diagnosis
The United States Food and Drug Administration has approved xTAG™ Respiratory Viral Panel (RVP) for detects the viruses:[5]
- influenza A virus
- influenza B virus
- respiratory syncytial virus
- adenovirus
- parainfluenza virus types 1, 2, and 3
- rhinovirus and enterovirus (but cannot distinguish between them)
- human metapneumovirus
Treatment
Naproxen, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent, may[6] or may not[7] reduce "symptoms of headache, malaise, myalgia, and cough".
Regarding over-the-counter (OTC) medications, "there is no good evidence for or against the effectiveness of OTC medicines in acute cough" according to a systematic review by the Cochrane Collaboration.[8]
"P. sidoides may be effective in alleviating symptoms of acute rhinosinusitis and the common cold in adults, but doubt exists," according to a systematic review by the Cochrane Collaboration.[9]
Prevention
A patent was granted for a vaccine in 1936.[10] The proposed vaccine was oral and its target was pneumococcal antigens.
References
- ↑ Inflammation of the nose and throat with increased production of mucus.
- ↑ inflammation of the mucous membrane lining the nose (usually associated with nasal discharge).
- ↑ Anonymous (2024), Common cold (English). Medical Subject Headings. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ↑ Peltola V, Waris M, Osterback R, Susi P, Ruuskanen O, Hyypiä T (2008). "Rhinovirus transmission within families with children: incidence of symptomatic and asymptomatic infections.". J Infect Dis 197 (3): 382-9. DOI:10.1086/525542. PMID 18248302. Research Blogging.
- ↑ Anonymous (2008). New Device Approval - xTAG™ Respiratory Viral Panel (RVP) - K063765. Food and Drug Administration. Retrieved on 2008-11-04.
- ↑ Sperber SJ, Hendley JO, Hayden FG, Riker DK, Sorrentino JV, Gwaltney JM (1992). "Effects of naproxen on experimental rhinovirus colds. A randomized, double-blind, controlled trial". Ann. Intern. Med. 117 (1): 37-41. PMID 1317694. [e]
- ↑ Kim SY, Chang YJ, Cho HM, Hwang YW, Moon YS. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for the common cold. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009 Jul 8;(3):CD006362. PMID 19588387
- ↑ Smith SM, Schroeder K, Fahey T (2008). "Over-the-counter medications for acute cough in children and adults in ambulatory settings". Cochrane Database Syst Rev (1): CD001831. DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD001831.pub3. PMID 18253996. Research Blogging.
- ↑ Timmer A, Günther J, Rücker G, Motschall E, Antes G, Kern WV (2008). "Pelargonium sidoides extract for acute respiratory tract infections". Cochrane Database Syst Rev (3): CD006323. DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD006323.pub2. PMID 18646148. Research Blogging.
- ↑ Powell, Horace. (1936) Common Cold Antigen. Google Patents.