imported>David E. Volk |
imported>David E. Volk |
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| [[Image:Amikacin structure.jpg|right|thumb|350px|{{#ifexist:Template:Amikacin structure.jpg/credit|{{Amikacin structure.jpg/credit}}<br/>|}}Amikacin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic]]
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| '''Amikacin''', also called a'''mikacina''', '''amikacine''', '''amikacinum''' and '''BB-K8''',
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| is a broad-spectrum [[aminoglycoside]] type of [[antibiotic]] derived from [[kanamycin]] that is used to treat severe infections due to gram-negative aerobic bacteria. It is active against species of ''[[E. coli]]'', ''[[Acinetobacter]]'', ''[[Pseudomonas]]'', ''[[Proteus]]'', ''[[Providencia]]'' and ''[[Klebsiella-Enterobacter-Serratia]]'' and some [[mycobacteria]]. It can be used for gram-postive bacterial infections, but better treatment options are generally used. Like other aminoglycosides, it shows little effect on anaerobic bacteria, [[fungi]] and [[virus]]es.
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| == Chemistry ==
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| Its IUPAC chemical name is (2S)-4-amino-N-[(1R,2S,3S,4R,5S)-5-amino-2-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4-amino-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(aminomethyl)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-
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| 2-yl]oxy-3-hydroxycyclohexyl]-2-hydroxybutanamide and it has chemical formula C<sub>22</sub>H<sub>43</sub>N<sub>5</sub>O<sub>13</sub>.
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| == Drug interactions ==
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| An increased risk of [[nephrotoxicity]] occurs when amikacin is taken in combination with [[cephalosporin]] or related compounds, including [[ceforanide]], [[cefotaxime]], [[ceftazidime]], [[ceftriaxone]], [[cefuroxime]], [[cefalotin]], [[cephapirin]], [[cisplatin]], [[cefamandole]], [[cefazolin]], [[cefonicid]], [[cefoperazone]], [[cefotetan]], [[cefoxitin]], [[ceftizoxime]] and [[cefradine]]. Amikacin also increases the effects of muscle relaxants including [[atracurium]], [[doxacurium]], [[gallamine Triethiodide]], [[metocurine]], [[mivacurium]], [[pancuronium]], [[pipecuronium]], [[rocuronium]], [[succinylcholine]], [[tubocurarine]] and [[vecuronium]]. Increased Ototoxicity occurs when amikacin is used with [[bumetanide]], [[furosemide]], [[ethacrynic acid]] or [[torasemide]]. [[Thalidomide]] use increases renal toxicity.
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| == Brand names ==
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| Amikacin is sold under the following brand names:
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| *Amicacin®
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| *Amiglyde-V®
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| *Amikavet®
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| *Amikin®
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| *Briclin®
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| == External links ==
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| *{{DailyMed}}
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| * Drug Bank [http://www.drugbank.ca/cgi-bin/getCard.cgi?CARD=DB00479.txt]
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