34th United States Congress: Difference between revisions
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The '''Thirty-fourth United States [[U.S. Congress|Congress]]''' was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the [[United States Senate]] and the [[ | The '''Thirty-fourth United States [[U.S. Congress|Congress]]''' was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the [[United States Senate]] and the [[U.S. House of Representatives]]. It met in [[Washington, D.C.]] from March 4, 1855 to March 3, 1857, during the last two years of the administration of [[President of the United States of America| U.S. President]] [[Franklin Pierce]]. | ||
The apportionment of seats in this [[ | The apportionment of seats in this [[U.S. House of Representatives| House of Representatives]] was based on the |Seventh Census of the United States in 1850. The Senate had a [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] majority, and the House had an anti-Democratic, coalition majority. | ||
===Dates of sessions=== | ===Dates of sessions=== | ||
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** [[Jesse D. Bright]], ''[[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]'' of [[Indiana (U.S. state)|Indiana]], elected December 3, 1855 | ** [[Jesse D. Bright]], ''[[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]'' of [[Indiana (U.S. state)|Indiana]], elected December 3, 1855 | ||
** [[Charles E. Stuart]], ''[[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]'' of [[Michigan (U.S. state)|Michigan]], elected June 9, 1856 | ** [[Charles E. Stuart]], ''[[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]'' of [[Michigan (U.S. state)|Michigan]], elected June 9, 1856 | ||
** [[James Murray Mason| James M. Mason]], ''[[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]'' of [[Virginia]], elected June 11, 1856 | ** [[James Murray Mason| James M. Mason]], ''[[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]'' of [[Virginia (U.S. state)|Virginia]], elected June 11, 1856 | ||
:'''House of Representatives''' | :'''House of Representatives''' | ||
*[[Speaker of the United States House of Representatives| Speaker of the House]] | *[[Speaker of the United States House of Representatives| Speaker of the House]] | ||
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:'''A-F''' | :'''A-F''' | ||
* [[Stephen Adams (Senator|Stephen Adams]], ''[[Mississippi (U.S. state)|Mississippi]]'' | * [[Stephen Adams (Senator|Stephen Adams]], ''[[Mississippi (U.S. state)|Mississippi]]'' | ||
* [[Philip Allen (Rhode Island)|Philip Allen]], ''[[Rhode Island]]'' | * [[Philip Allen (Rhode Island)|Philip Allen]], ''[[Rhode Island (U.S. state)|Rhode Island]]'' | ||
* [[Martin W. Bates]], ''[[Delaware (U.S. state)|Delaware]]'' | * [[Martin W. Bates]], ''[[Delaware (U.S. state)|Delaware]]'' | ||
* [[James A. Bayard, Jr.]], ''[[Delaware (U.S. state)|Delaware]]'' | * [[James A. Bayard, Jr.]], ''[[Delaware (U.S. state)|Delaware]]'' | ||
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* [[Richard Brodhead]], ''[[Pennsylvania (U.S. state)|Pennsylvania]]'' | * [[Richard Brodhead]], ''[[Pennsylvania (U.S. state)|Pennsylvania]]'' | ||
* [[Albert G. Brown]], ''[[Mississippi (U.S. state)|Mississippi]]'' | * [[Albert G. Brown]], ''[[Mississippi (U.S. state)|Mississippi]]'' | ||
* [[Andrew Butler|Andrew P. Butler]], ''[[South Carolina]]'' | * [[Andrew Butler|Andrew P. Butler]], ''[[South Carolina (U.S. state)|South Carolina]]'' | ||
* [[Lewis Cass]], ''[[Michigan (U.S. state)|Michigan]]'' | * [[Lewis Cass]], ''[[Michigan (U.S. state)|Michigan]]'' | ||
* [[Clement Claiborne Clay|Clement C. Clay, Jr.]], ''[[Alabama (U.S. state)]]'' | * [[Clement Claiborne Clay|Clement C. Clay, Jr.]], ''[[Alabama (U.S. state)]]'' | ||
* [[Henry Dodge]], ''[[Wisconsin]]'' | * [[Henry Dodge]], ''[[Wisconsin (U.S. state)|Wisconsin]]'' | ||
* [[Stephen A. Douglas]], ''[[Illinois (U.S. state)]]'' | * [[Stephen A. Douglas]], ''[[Illinois (U.S. state)]]'' | ||
* [[Josiah J. Evans]], ''[[South Carolina]]'' | * [[Josiah J. Evans]], ''[[South Carolina (U.S. state)|South Carolina]]'' | ||
* [[Graham N. Fitch]], ''[[Indiana (U.S. state)|Indiana]]'' | * [[Graham N. Fitch]], ''[[Indiana (U.S. state)|Indiana]]'' | ||
* [[Benjamin Fitzpatrick]], ''[[Alabama (U.S. state)]]'' | * [[Benjamin Fitzpatrick]], ''[[Alabama (U.S. state)]]'' | ||
| | | | ||
:'''G-R''' | :'''G-R''' | ||
* [[James S. Green]], ''[[Missouri (U.S. state)|Missouri]]'' | * [[James S. Green]], ''[[[[Missouri (U.S. state)|Missouri]]]]'' | ||
* [[William M. Gwin]], ''[[California (U.S. state)]]'' | * [[William M. Gwin]], ''[[California (U.S. state)]]'' | ||
* [[Hannibal Hamlin]], ''[[Maine (U.S. state)|Maine]]'' | * [[Hannibal Hamlin]], ''[[Maine (U.S. state)|Maine]]'' | ||
* [[Robert Mercer Taliaferro Hunter|Robert M. T. Hunter]], ''[[Virginia]]'' | * [[Robert Mercer Taliaferro Hunter|Robert M. T. Hunter]], ''[[Virginia (U.S. state)|Virginia]]'' | ||
* [[Alfred Iverson, Sr.]], ''[[Georgia]]'' | * [[Alfred Iverson, Sr.]], ''[[Georgia]]'' | ||
* [[Charles Tillinghast James|Charles T. James]], ''[[Rhode Island]]'' | * [[Charles Tillinghast James|Charles T. James]], ''[[Rhode Island (U.S. state)|Rhode Island]]'' | ||
* [[Robert Ward Johnson|Robert W. Johnson]], ''[[Arkansas (U.S. state)]]'' | * [[Robert Ward Johnson|Robert W. Johnson]], ''[[Arkansas (U.S. state)]]'' | ||
* [[George W. Jones]], ''[[Iowa (U.S. state)|Iowa]]'' | * [[George W. Jones]], ''[[Iowa (U.S. state)|Iowa]]'' | ||
* [[Stephen Mallory|Stephen R. Mallory]], ''[[Florida (U.S. state)|Florida]]'' | * [[Stephen Mallory|Stephen R. Mallory]], ''[[Florida (U.S. state)|Florida]]'' | ||
* [[James Murray Mason|James M. Mason]], ''[[Virginia]]'' | * [[James Murray Mason|James M. Mason]], ''[[Virginia (U.S. state)|Virginia]]'' | ||
* [[George E. Pugh]], ''[[Ohio (U.S. state)|Ohio]]'' | * [[George E. Pugh]], ''[[Ohio (U.S. state)|Ohio]]'' | ||
* [[David Settle Reid|David S. Reid]], ''[[North Carolina (U.S. state)]]'' | * [[David Settle Reid|David S. Reid]], ''[[North Carolina (U.S. state)]]'' | ||
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* [[Judah P. Benjamin]], ''[[Louisiana (U.S. state)|Louisiana]]'' | * [[Judah P. Benjamin]], ''[[Louisiana (U.S. state)|Louisiana]]'' | ||
* [[John M. Clayton]], ''[[Delaware (U.S. state)|Delaware]]'' | * [[John M. Clayton]], ''[[Delaware (U.S. state)|Delaware]]'' | ||
* [[Jacob Collamer]], ''[[Vermont]]'' | * [[Jacob Collamer]], ''[[Vermont (U.S. state)|Vermont]]'' | ||
* [[Joseph P. Comegys]], ''[[Delaware (U.S. state)|Delaware]]'' | * [[Joseph P. Comegys]], ''[[Delaware (U.S. state)|Delaware]]'' | ||
* [[John J. Crittenden]], ''[[Kentucky (U.S. state)|Kentucky]]'' | * [[John J. Crittenden]], ''[[Kentucky (U.S. state)|Kentucky]]'' | ||
* [[Charles Durkee]], ''[[Wisconsin]]'' | * [[Charles Durkee]], ''[[Wisconsin (U.S. state)|Wisconsin]]'' | ||
* [[William P. Fessenden|William Pitt Fessenden]], ''[[Maine (U.S. state)|Maine]]'' | * [[William P. Fessenden|William Pitt Fessenden]], ''[[Maine (U.S. state)|Maine]]'' | ||
* [[Hamilton Fish]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]'' | * [[Hamilton Fish]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]'' | ||
* [[Solomon Foot]], ''[[Vermont]]'' | * [[Solomon Foot]], ''[[Vermont (U.S. state)|Vermont]]'' | ||
* [[Lafayette S. Foster|La Fayette S. Foster]], ''[[Connecticut (U.S. state)|Connecticut]]'' | * [[Lafayette S. Foster|La Fayette S. Foster]], ''[[Connecticut (U.S. state)|Connecticut]]'' | ||
| | | | ||
:'''G-R''' | :'''G-R''' | ||
* [[Henry S. Geyer]], ''[[Missouri (U.S. state)|Missouri]]'' | * [[Henry S. Geyer]], ''[[[[Missouri (U.S. state)|Missouri]]]]'' | ||
* [[John P. Hale]], ''[[New Hampshire (U.S. state)|New Hampshire]]'' | * [[John P. Hale]], ''[[New Hampshire (U.S. state)|New Hampshire]]'' | ||
* [[James Harlan (senator)|James Harlan]], ''[[Iowa (U.S. state)|Iowa]]'' | * [[James Harlan (senator)|James Harlan]], ''[[Iowa (U.S. state)|Iowa]]'' | ||
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====House of Representatives==== | ====House of Representatives==== | ||
Members of the [[ | Members of the [[U.S. House of Representatives| House of Representatives]] were elected by popular vote, variously to single member districts or at-large. | ||
=====[[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]===== | =====[[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]===== | ||
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| | | | ||
:'''A-B-C''' | :'''A-B-C''' | ||
* [[William Aiken]], ''[[South Carolina]]'' | * [[William Aiken]], ''[[South Carolina (U.S. state)|South Carolina]]'' | ||
* [[James C. Allen]], ''[[Illinois (U.S. state)]]'' | * [[James C. Allen]], ''[[Illinois (U.S. state)]]'' | ||
* [[David Barclay (congressman)|David Barclay]], ''[[Pennsylvania (U.S. state)|Pennsylvania]]'' | * [[David Barclay (congressman)|David Barclay]], ''[[Pennsylvania (U.S. state)|Pennsylvania]]'' | ||
* [[William Barksdale]], ''[[Mississippi (U.S. state)|Mississippi]]'' | * [[William Barksdale]], ''[[Mississippi (U.S. state)|Mississippi]]'' | ||
* [[Thomas H. Bayly]], ''[[Virginia]]'' | * [[Thomas H. Bayly]], ''[[Virginia (U.S. state)|Virginia]]'' | ||
* [[Peter Hansborough Bell|Peter H. Bell]]), ''[[Texas (U.S. state)|Texas]]'' | * [[Peter Hansborough Bell|Peter H. Bell]]), ''[[Texas (U.S. state)|Texas]]'' | ||
* [[Hendley S. Bennett]], ''[[Mississippi (U.S. state)|Mississippi]]'' | * [[Hendley S. Bennett]], ''[[Mississippi (U.S. state)|Mississippi]]'' | ||
* [[Thomas S. Bocock]], ''[[Virginia]]'' | * [[Thomas S. Bocock]], ''[[Virginia (U.S. state)|Virginia]]'' | ||
* [[Thomas Fielder Bowie|Thomas F. Bowie]], ''[[Maryland (U.S. state)|Maryland]]'' | * [[Thomas Fielder Bowie|Thomas F. Bowie]], ''[[Maryland (U.S. state)|Maryland]]'' | ||
* [[William Waters Boyce|William W. Boyce]], ''[[South Carolina]]'' | * [[William Waters Boyce|William W. Boyce]], ''[[South Carolina (U.S. state)|South Carolina]]'' | ||
* [[Lawrence O'Bryan Branch]], ''[[North Carolina (U.S. state)]]'' | * [[Lawrence O'Bryan Branch]], ''[[North Carolina (U.S. state)]]'' | ||
* [[Preston Brooks|Preston S. Brooks]], ''[[South Carolina]]'' | * [[Preston Brooks|Preston S. Brooks]], ''[[South Carolina (U.S. state)|South Carolina]]'' | ||
* [[Henry Cornelius Burnett|Henry C. Burnett]], ''[[Kentucky (U.S. state)|Kentucky]]'' | * [[Henry Cornelius Burnett|Henry C. Burnett]], ''[[Kentucky (U.S. state)|Kentucky]]'' | ||
* [[John Cadwalader (congressman)|John Cadwalader]], ''[[Pennsylvania (U.S. state)|Pennsylvania]]'' | * [[John Cadwalader (congressman)|John Cadwalader]], ''[[Pennsylvania (U.S. state)|Pennsylvania]]'' | ||
* [[John Caskie|John S. Caskie]], ''[[Virginia]]'' | * [[John Caskie|John S. Caskie]], ''[[Virginia (U.S. state)|Virginia]]'' | ||
* [[Thomas Lanier Clingman|Thomas L. Clingman]], ''[[North Carolina (U.S. state)]]'' | * [[Thomas Lanier Clingman|Thomas L. Clingman]], ''[[North Carolina (U.S. state)]]'' | ||
* [[Howell Cobb]], ''[[Georgia]]'' | * [[Howell Cobb]], ''[[Georgia]]'' | ||
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* [[James W. Denver]], ''[[California (U.S. state)]]'' | * [[James W. Denver]], ''[[California (U.S. state)]]'' | ||
* [[James F. Dowdell]], ''[[Alabama (U.S. state)]]'' | * [[James F. Dowdell]], ''[[Alabama (U.S. state)]]'' | ||
* [[Henry A. Edmundson]], ''[[Virginia]]'' | * [[Henry A. Edmundson]], ''[[Virginia (U.S. state)|Virginia]]'' | ||
* [[John Milton Elliott|John M. Elliott]], ''[[Kentucky (U.S. state)|Kentucky]]'' | * [[John Milton Elliott|John M. Elliott]], ''[[Kentucky (U.S. state)|Kentucky]]'' | ||
* [[William Hayden English|William H. English]], ''[[Indiana (U.S. state)|Indiana]]'' | * [[William Hayden English|William H. English]], ''[[Indiana (U.S. state)|Indiana]]'' | ||
* [[Charles J. Faulkner]], ''[[Virginia]]'' | * [[Charles J. Faulkner]], ''[[Virginia (U.S. state)|Virginia]]'' | ||
* [[Thomas Birch Florence|Thomas B. Florence]], ''[[Pennsylvania (U.S. state)|Pennsylvania]]'' | * [[Thomas Birch Florence|Thomas B. Florence]], ''[[Pennsylvania (U.S. state)|Pennsylvania]]'' | ||
* [[Thomas Fuller (Maine)|Thomas J. D. Fuller]], ''[[Maine (U.S. state)|Maine]]'' | * [[Thomas Fuller (Maine)|Thomas J. D. Fuller]], ''[[Maine (U.S. state)|Maine]]'' | ||
| | | | ||
:'''G-H-I''' | :'''G-H-I''' | ||
* [[Muscoe R. H. Garnett]], ''[[Virginia]]'' | * [[Muscoe R. H. Garnett]], ''[[Virginia (U.S. state)|Virginia]]'' | ||
* [[William Goode|William O. Goode]], ''[[Virginia]]'' | * [[William Goode|William O. Goode]], ''[[Virginia (U.S. state)|Virginia]]'' | ||
* [[Alfred B. Greenwood]], ''[[Arkansas (U.S. state)]]'' | * [[Alfred B. Greenwood]], ''[[Arkansas (U.S. state)]]'' | ||
* [[Galusha A. Grow]], ''[[Pennsylvania (U.S. state)|Pennsylvania]]'' | * [[Galusha A. Grow]], ''[[Pennsylvania (U.S. state)|Pennsylvania]]'' | ||
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* [[George Washington Jones (Tennessee politician)|George W. Jones]], ''[[Tennessee (U.S. state)|Tennessee]]'' | * [[George Washington Jones (Tennessee politician)|George W. Jones]], ''[[Tennessee (U.S. state)|Tennessee]]'' | ||
* [[Jehu Glancy Jones|J. Glancey Jones]], ''[[Pennsylvania (U.S. state)|Pennsylvania]]'' | * [[Jehu Glancy Jones|J. Glancey Jones]], ''[[Pennsylvania (U.S. state)|Pennsylvania]]'' | ||
* [[Laurence M. Keitt]], ''[[South Carolina]]'' | * [[Laurence M. Keitt]], ''[[South Carolina (U.S. state)|South Carolina]]'' | ||
* [[John Kelly (U.S. politician)|John Kelly]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]'' | * [[John Kelly (U.S. politician)|John Kelly]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]'' | ||
* [[Zedekiah Kidwell]], ''[[Virginia]]'' | * [[Zedekiah Kidwell]], ''[[Virginia (U.S. state)|Virginia]]'' | ||
* [[John Letcher]], ''[[Virginia]]'' | * [[John Letcher]], ''[[Virginia (U.S. state)|Virginia]]'' | ||
* [[John Henry Lumpkin|John H. Lumpkin]], ''[[Georgia]]'' | * [[John Henry Lumpkin|John H. Lumpkin]], ''[[Georgia]]'' | ||
:'''M-N-O''' | :'''M-N-O''' | ||
* [[Samuel S. Marshall]], ''[[Illinois (U.S. state)]]'' | * [[Samuel S. Marshall]], ''[[Illinois (U.S. state)]]'' | ||
* [[Augustus Maxwell|Augustus E. Maxwell]], ''[[Florida (U.S. state)|Florida]]'' | * [[Augustus Maxwell|Augustus E. Maxwell]], ''[[Florida (U.S. state)|Florida]]'' | ||
* [[LaFayette McMullen]], ''[[Virginia]]'' | * [[LaFayette McMullen]], ''[[Virginia (U.S. state)|Virginia]]'' | ||
* [[John McQueen]], ''[[South Carolina]]'' | * [[John McQueen]], ''[[South Carolina (U.S. state)|South Carolina]]'' | ||
* [[Smith Miller]], ''[[Indiana (U.S. state)|Indiana]]'' | * [[Smith Miller]], ''[[Indiana (U.S. state)|Indiana]]'' | ||
* [[John S. Millson]], ''[[Virginia]]'' | * [[John S. Millson]], ''[[Virginia (U.S. state)|Virginia]]'' | ||
* [[James L. D. Morrison]], ''[[Illinois (U.S. state)]]'' | * [[James L. D. Morrison]], ''[[Illinois (U.S. state)]]'' | ||
* [[Andrew Oliver (New York)|Andrew Oliver]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]'' | * [[Andrew Oliver (New York)|Andrew Oliver]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]'' | ||
* [[James Lawrence Orr|James L. Orr]], ''[[South Carolina]]'' | * [[James Lawrence Orr|James L. Orr]], ''[[South Carolina (U.S. state)|South Carolina]]'' | ||
| | | | ||
:'''P-Q-R''' | :'''P-Q-R''' | ||
* [[Asa Packer]], ''[[Pennsylvania (U.S. state)|Pennsylvania]]'' | * [[Asa Packer]], ''[[Pennsylvania (U.S. state)|Pennsylvania]]'' | ||
* [[George Washington Peck|George W. Peck]], ''[[Michigan (U.S. state)|Michigan]]'' | * [[George Washington Peck|George W. Peck]], ''[[Michigan (U.S. state)|Michigan]]'' | ||
* [[John S. Phelps]], ''[[Missouri (U.S. state)|Missouri]]'' | * [[John S. Phelps]], ''[[[[Missouri (U.S. state)|Missouri]]]]'' | ||
* [[Paulus Powell]], ''[[Virginia]]'' | * [[Paulus Powell]], ''[[Virginia (U.S. state)|Virginia]]'' | ||
* [[John A. Quitman]], ''[[Mississippi (U.S. state)|Mississippi]]'' | * [[John A. Quitman]], ''[[Mississippi (U.S. state)|Mississippi]]'' | ||
* [[William Alexander Richardson|William A. Richardson]], ''[[Illinois (U.S. state)]]'' | * [[William Alexander Richardson|William A. Richardson]], ''[[Illinois (U.S. state)]]'' | ||
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* [[Eli S. Shorter]], ''[[Alabama (U.S. state)]]'' | * [[Eli S. Shorter]], ''[[Alabama (U.S. state)]]'' | ||
* [[Samuel Axley Smith|Samuel A. Smith]], ''[[Tennessee (U.S. state)|Tennessee]]'' | * [[Samuel Axley Smith|Samuel A. Smith]], ''[[Tennessee (U.S. state)|Tennessee]]'' | ||
* [[William "Extra Billy" Smith|William Smith]], ''[[Virginia]]'' | * [[William "Extra Billy" Smith|William Smith]], ''[[Virginia (U.S. state)|Virginia]]'' | ||
* [[Francis E. Spinner]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]'' | * [[Francis E. Spinner]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]'' | ||
* [[Alexander Stephens|Alexander H. Stephens]], ''[[Georgia]]'' | * [[Alexander Stephens|Alexander H. Stephens]], ''[[Georgia]]'' | ||
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* [[Hiram B. Warner]], ''[[Georgia]]'' | * [[Hiram B. Warner]], ''[[Georgia]]'' | ||
* [[Albert Galiton Watkins|Albert G. Watkins]], ''[[Tennessee (U.S. state)|Tennessee]]'' | * [[Albert Galiton Watkins|Albert G. Watkins]], ''[[Tennessee (U.S. state)|Tennessee]]'' | ||
* [[Daniel Wells, Jr.]], ''[[Wisconsin]]'' | * [[Daniel Wells, Jr.]], ''[[Wisconsin (U.S. state)|Wisconsin]]'' | ||
* [[John Wheeler (representative)|John Wheeler]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]'' | * [[John Wheeler (representative)|John Wheeler]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]'' | ||
* [[John Williams (Rochester)|John Williams]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]'' | * [[John Williams (Rochester)|John Williams]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]'' | ||
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| | | | ||
:'''A-B-C''' | :'''A-B-C''' | ||
* [[Thomas Peter Akers|Thomas P. Akers]], ''[[Missouri (U.S. state)|Missouri]]'' | * [[Thomas Peter Akers|Thomas P. Akers]], ''[[[[Missouri (U.S. state)|Missouri]]]]'' | ||
* [[Nathaniel Prentice Banks|Nathaniel P. Banks]], ''[[Massachusetts (U.S. state)|Massachusetts]]'' | * [[Nathaniel Prentice Banks|Nathaniel P. Banks]], ''[[Massachusetts (U.S. state)|Massachusetts]]'' | ||
* [[Jacob Broom (congressman)|Jacob Broom]], ''[[Pennsylvania (U.S. state)|Pennsylvania]]'' | * [[Jacob Broom (congressman)|Jacob Broom]], ''[[Pennsylvania (U.S. state)|Pennsylvania]]'' | ||
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* [[Anson Burlingame]], ''[[Massachusetts (U.S. state)|Massachusetts]]'' | * [[Anson Burlingame]], ''[[Massachusetts (U.S. state)|Massachusetts]]'' | ||
* [[John P. Campbell, Jr.]], ''[[Kentucky (U.S. state)|Kentucky]]'' | * [[John P. Campbell, Jr.]], ''[[Kentucky (U.S. state)|Kentucky]]'' | ||
* [[John S. Carlile]], ''[[Virginia]]'' | * [[John S. Carlile]], ''[[Virginia (U.S. state)|Virginia]]'' | ||
* [[Calvin C. Chaffee]], ''[[Massachusetts (U.S. state)|Massachusetts]]'' | * [[Calvin C. Chaffee]], ''[[Massachusetts (U.S. state)|Massachusetts]]'' | ||
* [[Ezra Clark, Jr.]], ''[[Connecticut (U.S. state)|Connecticut]]'' | * [[Ezra Clark, Jr.]], ''[[Connecticut (U.S. state)|Connecticut]]'' | ||
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* [[Alexander De Witt]], ''[[Massachusetts (U.S. state)|Massachusetts]]'' | * [[Alexander De Witt]], ''[[Massachusetts (U.S. state)|Massachusetts]]'' | ||
* [[Sidney Dean]], ''[[Connecticut (U.S. state)|Connecticut]]'' | * [[Sidney Dean]], ''[[Connecticut (U.S. state)|Connecticut]]'' | ||
* [[Nathaniel B. Durfee]], ''[[Rhode Island]]'' | * [[Nathaniel B. Durfee]], ''[[Rhode Island (U.S. state)|Rhode Island]]'' | ||
* [[Francis S. Edwards]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]'' | * [[Francis S. Edwards]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]'' | ||
* [[Emerson Etheridge]], ''[[Tennessee (U.S. state)|Tennessee]]'' | * [[Emerson Etheridge]], ''[[Tennessee (U.S. state)|Tennessee]]'' | ||
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* [[Samuel F. Swope]], ''[[Kentucky (U.S. state)|Kentucky]]'' | * [[Samuel F. Swope]], ''[[Kentucky (U.S. state)|Kentucky]]'' | ||
* [[Mason Tappan|Mason W. Tappan]], ''[[New Hampshire (U.S. state)|New Hampshire]]'' | * [[Mason Tappan|Mason W. Tappan]], ''[[New Hampshire (U.S. state)|New Hampshire]]'' | ||
* [[Benjamin B. Thurston]], ''[[Rhode Island]]'' | * [[Benjamin B. Thurston]], ''[[Rhode Island (U.S. state)|Rhode Island]]'' | ||
* [[Mark Trafton]], ''[[Massachusetts (U.S. state)|Massachusetts]]'' | * [[Mark Trafton]], ''[[Massachusetts (U.S. state)|Massachusetts]]'' | ||
* [[Robert Pleasant Trippe|Robert P. Trippe]], ''[[Georgia]]'' | * [[Robert Pleasant Trippe|Robert P. Trippe]], ''[[Georgia]]'' | ||
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* [[Henry Bennett (US politician)|Henry Bennett]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]'' | * [[Henry Bennett (US politician)|Henry Bennett]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]'' | ||
* [[Samuel P. Benson]], ''[[Maine (U.S. state)|Maine]]'' | * [[Samuel P. Benson]], ''[[Maine (U.S. state)|Maine]]'' | ||
* [[Charles Billinghurst]], ''[[Wisconsin]]'' | * [[Charles Billinghurst]], ''[[Wisconsin (U.S. state)|Wisconsin]]'' | ||
* [[John Bingham|John A. Bingham]], ''[[Ohio (U.S. state)|Ohio]]'' | * [[John Bingham|John A. Bingham]], ''[[Ohio (U.S. state)|Ohio]]'' | ||
* [[James Bishop (Congressman)|James Bishop]], ''[[New Jersey (U.S. state)|New Jersey]]'' | * [[James Bishop (Congressman)|James Bishop]], ''[[New Jersey (U.S. state)|New Jersey]]'' | ||
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* [[James Hepburn Campbell|James H. Campbell]], ''[[Pennsylvania (U.S. state)|Pennsylvania]]'' | * [[James Hepburn Campbell|James H. Campbell]], ''[[Pennsylvania (U.S. state)|Pennsylvania]]'' | ||
* [[Lewis D. Campbell]], ''[[Ohio (U.S. state)|Ohio]]'' | * [[Lewis D. Campbell]], ''[[Ohio (U.S. state)|Ohio]]'' | ||
* [[Samuel Caruthers]], ''[[Missouri (U.S. state)|Missouri]]'' | * [[Samuel Caruthers]], ''[[[[Missouri (U.S. state)|Missouri]]]]'' | ||
* [[Thomas Child, Jr.]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]'' | * [[Thomas Child, Jr.]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]'' | ||
* [[Bayard Clarke]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]'' | * [[Bayard Clarke]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]'' | ||
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:'''J-K-L''' | :'''J-K-L''' | ||
* [[William H. Kelsey]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]'' | * [[William H. Kelsey]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]'' | ||
* [[Luther M. Kennett]], ''[[Missouri (U.S. state)|Missouri]]'' | * [[Luther M. Kennett]], ''[[[[Missouri (U.S. state)|Missouri]]]]'' | ||
* [[Rufus H. King]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]'' | * [[Rufus H. King]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]'' | ||
* [[Jonathan Knight (railroader)|Jonathan Knight]], ''[[Pennsylvania (U.S. state)|Pennsylvania]]'' | * [[Jonathan Knight (railroader)|Jonathan Knight]], ''[[Pennsylvania (U.S. state)|Pennsylvania]]'' | ||
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* [[John C. Kunkel]], ''[[Pennsylvania (U.S. state)|Pennsylvania]]'' | * [[John C. Kunkel]], ''[[Pennsylvania (U.S. state)|Pennsylvania]]'' | ||
* [[Benjamin F. Leiter]], ''[[Ohio (U.S. state)|Ohio]]'' | * [[Benjamin F. Leiter]], ''[[Ohio (U.S. state)|Ohio]]'' | ||
* [[James J. Lindley]], ''[[Missouri (U.S. state)|Missouri]]'' | * [[James J. Lindley]], ''[[[[Missouri (U.S. state)|Missouri]]]]'' | ||
:'''M-N-O''' | :'''M-N-O''' | ||
* [[Daniel Mace]], ''[[Indiana (U.S. state)|Indiana]]'' | * [[Daniel Mace]], ''[[Indiana (U.S. state)|Indiana]]'' | ||
* [[Orsamus B. Matteson]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]'' | * [[Orsamus B. Matteson]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]'' | ||
* [[Andrew Z. McCarty]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]'' | * [[Andrew Z. McCarty]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]'' | ||
* [[James Meacham]], ''[[Vermont]]'' | * [[James Meacham]], ''[[Vermont (U.S. state)|Vermont]]'' | ||
* [[John G. Miller]], ''[[Missouri (U.S. state)|Missouri]]'' | * [[John G. Miller]], ''[[[[Missouri (U.S. state)|Missouri]]]]'' | ||
* [[Killian Miller]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]'' | * [[Killian Miller]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]'' | ||
* [[William Millward]], ''[[Pennsylvania (U.S. state)|Pennsylvania]]'' | * [[William Millward]], ''[[Pennsylvania (U.S. state)|Pennsylvania]]'' | ||
* [[Oscar F. Moore]], ''[[Ohio (U.S. state)|Ohio]]'' | * [[Oscar F. Moore]], ''[[Ohio (U.S. state)|Ohio]]'' | ||
* [[Edwin Barber Morgan|Edwin B. Morgan]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]'' | * [[Edwin Barber Morgan|Edwin B. Morgan]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]'' | ||
* [[Justin Smith Morrill|Justin S. Morrill]]), ''[[Vermont]]'' | * [[Justin Smith Morrill|Justin S. Morrill]]), ''[[Vermont (U.S. state)|Vermont]]'' | ||
* [[Richard Mott]], ''[[Ohio (U.S. state)|Ohio]]'' | * [[Richard Mott]], ''[[Ohio (U.S. state)|Ohio]]'' | ||
* [[Ambrose S. Murray]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]'' | * [[Ambrose S. Murray]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]'' | ||
* [[Matthias H. Nichols]], ''[[Ohio (U.S. state)|Ohio]]'' | * [[Matthias H. Nichols]], ''[[Ohio (U.S. state)|Ohio]]'' | ||
* [[Jesse O. Norton]], ''[[Illinois (U.S. state)]]'' | * [[Jesse O. Norton]], ''[[Illinois (U.S. state)]]'' | ||
* [[Mordecai Oliver]]), ''[[Missouri (U.S. state)|Missouri]]'' | * [[Mordecai Oliver]]), ''[[[[Missouri (U.S. state)|Missouri]]]]'' | ||
| | | | ||
:'''P-Q-R''' | :'''P-Q-R''' | ||
Line 1,349: | Line 1,349: | ||
* [[John J. Perry]], ''[[Maine (U.S. state)|Maine]]'' | * [[John J. Perry]], ''[[Maine (U.S. state)|Maine]]'' | ||
* [[John U. Pettit]], ''[[Indiana (U.S. state)|Indiana]]'' | * [[John U. Pettit]], ''[[Indiana (U.S. state)|Indiana]]'' | ||
* [[Gilchrist Porter]], ''[[Missouri (U.S. state)|Missouri]]'' | * [[Gilchrist Porter]], ''[[[[Missouri (U.S. state)|Missouri]]]]'' | ||
* [[Benjamin Pringle]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]'' | * [[Benjamin Pringle]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]'' | ||
* [[Samuel Anderson Purviance|Samuel A. Purviance]], ''[[Pennsylvania (U.S. state)|Pennsylvania]]'' | * [[Samuel Anderson Purviance|Samuel A. Purviance]], ''[[Pennsylvania (U.S. state)|Pennsylvania]]'' | ||
Line 1,356: | Line 1,356: | ||
* [[Anthony Ellmaker Roberts|Anthony E. Roberts]], ''[[Pennsylvania (U.S. state)|Pennsylvania]]'' | * [[Anthony Ellmaker Roberts|Anthony E. Roberts]], ''[[Pennsylvania (U.S. state)|Pennsylvania]]'' | ||
* [[David Fullerton Robison|David F. Robison]], ''[[Pennsylvania (U.S. state)|Pennsylvania]]'' | * [[David Fullerton Robison|David F. Robison]], ''[[Pennsylvania (U.S. state)|Pennsylvania]]'' | ||
* [[Alvah Sabin]], ''[[Vermont]]'' | * [[Alvah Sabin]], ''[[Vermont (U.S. state)|Vermont]]'' | ||
:'''S-T-U-V''' | :'''S-T-U-V''' | ||
* [[Russell Sage]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]'' | * [[Russell Sage]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]'' | ||
Line 1,373: | Line 1,373: | ||
* [[David S. Walbridge]], ''[[Michigan (U.S. state)|Michigan]]'' | * [[David S. Walbridge]], ''[[Michigan (U.S. state)|Michigan]]'' | ||
* [[Henry Waldron]], ''[[Michigan (U.S. state)|Michigan]]'' | * [[Henry Waldron]], ''[[Michigan (U.S. state)|Michigan]]'' | ||
* [[Cadwallader C. Washburn]], ''[[Wisconsin]]'' | * [[Cadwallader C. Washburn]], ''[[Wisconsin (U.S. state)|Wisconsin]]'' | ||
* [[Israel Washburn, Jr.]], ''[[Maine (U.S. state)|Maine]]'' | * [[Israel Washburn, Jr.]], ''[[Maine (U.S. state)|Maine]]'' | ||
* [[Elihu B. Washburne]], ''[[Illinois (U.S. state)]]'' | * [[Elihu B. Washburne]], ''[[Illinois (U.S. state)]]'' | ||
Line 1,385: | Line 1,385: | ||
|- valign=top | |- valign=top | ||
| | | | ||
* [[George T. Hodges]], ''[[Vermont]]'' | * [[George T. Hodges]], ''[[Vermont (U.S. state)|Vermont]]'' | ||
|} | |} | ||
Line 1,448: | Line 1,448: | ||
|} | |} | ||
== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist}} | |||
[[Category:Reviewed Passed]][[Category:Suggestion Bot Tag]] |
Latest revision as of 08:12, 7 October 2024
The Thirty-fourth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the U.S. House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1855 to March 3, 1857, during the last two years of the administration of U.S. President Franklin Pierce.
The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the |Seventh Census of the United States in 1850. The Senate had a Democratic majority, and the House had an anti-Democratic, coalition majority.
Dates of sessions
March 4, 1855 - March 3, 1857
- First session: December 3, 1855 - August 18, 1856
- Second session: August 21, 1856 - August 30, 1856
- Third session: December 1, 1856 - March 3, 1857
- Previous congress: 33rd Congress
- Next congress: 35th Congress
Party summary
The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.
During the time of the elections for the Thirty-Fourth Congress opponents to the Democrats used the Whig party label inconsistently and not at all in some states. Hence in this Congress, and in accordance with the practice of the Senate and House, representatives not associated with the Democratic Party or the American Party are labeled as “Opposition.” This is the first example in U.S. history of a form of coalition government in either house of Congress.
TOTAL members: 62 |
TOTAL members: 234 |
Leadership
- Senate
- Vice President of the United States (President of the Senate):
- vacant
- President pro tempore of the Senate:
- Jesse D. Bright, Democratic of Indiana, elected December 3, 1855
- Charles E. Stuart, Democratic of Michigan, elected June 9, 1856
- James M. Mason, Democratic of Virginia, elected June 11, 1856
- House of Representatives
- Speaker of the House
- Nathaniel P. Banks, American of Massachusetts, elected February 2, 1856
Major events
Events of 1855, 1856 and 1857
Major legislation
List of United States federal legislation in the 34th Congress
- August 18, 1856 -- Guano Islands Act
Membership highlights by chamber
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and Representatives are listed by district.
Senate
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1856; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1858; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1860.
House of Representatives
The names of members of the House of Representatives elected statewide on the general ticket or otherwise at-large, are preceded by an "A/L," and the names of those elected from districts, whether plural or single member, are preceded by their district numbers.
Many of the congressional district numbers are linked to articles describing the district itself. Since the boundaries of the districts have changed often and substantially, the linked article may only describe the district as it exists today, and not as it was at the time of this Congress.
Delegates
|
|
|
Membership detail by state
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1856; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1858; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1860.
The names of members of the House of Representatives elected statewide on the general ticket or otherwise at-large, are preceded by an "A/L," and the names of those elected from districts, whether plural or single member, are preceded by their district numbers.
Many of the congressional district numbers are linked to articles describing the district itself. Since the boundaries of the districts have changed often and substantially, the linked article may only describe the district as it exists today, and not as it was at the time of this Congress.
The list below is arranged by state, then by chamber. Senators are shown in order of seniority, House members in district order.
Alabama
- Senate
- 2: Clement C. Clay, Jr. (1816-1882), Democratic
- 3: Benjamin Fitzpatrick (1802-1869), Democratic …elected to fill vacancy in class, November 26, 1855
- House of Representatives (7 seats)
- 1: Percy Walker (1812-1880), American
- 2: Eli S. Shorter (1823-1879), Democratic
- 3: James F. Dowdell (1818-1871), Democratic
- 4: William R. Smith (1815-1896), American
- 5: George S. Houston (1811-1879), Democratic
- 6: Williamson R. W. Cobb (1807-1864), Democratic
- 7: Sampson W. Harris (1809-1857), Democratic
Arkansas
- Senate
- 2: William K. Sebastian (1812-1865), Democratic
- 3: Robert W. Johnson (1814-1879), Democratic
- House of Representatives (2 seats)
- 1: Alfred B. Greenwood (1811-1889), Democratic
- 2: Albert Rust ( -1870), Democratic
California
- Senate
- 1: John B. Weller (1812-1875), Democratic
- 3: William M. Gwin (1805-1885), Democratic …elected to fill vacancy in class, January 13, 1857
- House of Representatives (2 seats) [3]
- A/L: James W. Denver (1817-1892), Democratic
- A/L: Philemon T. Herbert (1825-1864), Democratic
Connecticut
- Senate
- 1: Isaac Toucey (1792-1869), Democratic
- 3: La Fayette S. Foster (1806-1880), Opposition
- House of Representatives (4 seats)
- 1: Ezra Clark, Jr. (1813-1896), American
- 2: John Woodruff (1826-1868), American
- 3: Sidney Dean (1818-1901), American
- 4: William W. Welch (1818-1892), American
Delaware
- Senate
- 1: James A. Bayard, Jr. (1799-1880), Democratic
- 2: John M. Clayton (1796-1856), Opposition …died November 9, 1856
- Joseph P. Comegys (1813-1893), Opposition …appointed to fill vacancy, November 19, 1856
- Martin W. Bates (1786-1869), Democratic …elected to fill vacancy, January 14, 1857
- House of Representatives (1 seat)
- A/L: Elisha D. Cullen (1799-1862), American
Florida
- Senate
- 1: Stephen R. Mallory (1813c-1873), Democratic
- 3: David Levy Yulee (1810-1886), Democratic
- House of Representatives (1 seat)
- A/L: Augustus E. Maxwell (1820-1903), Democratic
Georgia
- Senate
- 2: Robert A. Toombs (1810-1885), Democratic
- 3: Alfred Iverson, Sr. (1798-1873), Democratic
- House of Representatives (8 seats)
- 1: James L. Seward (1813-1886), Democratic
- 2: Martin J. Crawford (1820-1883), Democratic
- 3: Robert P. Trippe (1819-1900), American
- 4: Hiram B. Warner (1802-1881), Democratic
- 5: John H. Lumpkin (1812-1860), Democratic
- 6: Howell Cobb (1815-1868), Democratic
- 7: Nathaniel G. Foster (1809-1869), American
- 8: Alexander H. Stephens (1812-1883), Democratic
Illinois
- Senate
- 2: Stephen A. Douglas (1813-1861), Democratic
- 3: Lyman Trumbull (1813-1896), Democratic
- House of Representatives (9 seats)
- 1: Elihu B. Washburne (1816-1887), Opposition
- 2: James H. Woodworth (1804-1869), Opposition
- 3: Jesse O. Norton (1812-1875), Opposition
- 4: James Knox (1807-1876), Opposition
- 5: William A. Richardson (1811-1875), Democratic …resigned August 25, 1856
- Jacob C. Davis (1820-1883), Democratic …elected to fill vacancy, seated December 4, 1856
- 6: Thomas L. Harris (1816-1858), Democratic
- 7: James C. Allen (1822-1912), Democratic …contested election, seat declared vacant July 18, 1856, subsequently elected, seated December 1, 1856
- 8: Lyman Trumbull (1813-1896), Democratic …resigned December 1, 1856
- James L. D. Morrison (1816-1888), Democratic …elected to fill vacancy, seated December 1, 1856
- 9: Samuel S. Marshall (1821-1890), Democratic
Indiana
- Senate
- 1: Jesse D. Bright (1812-1875), Democratic
- 3: Graham N. Fitch (1809-1892), Democratic …elected to fill vacancy in class, February 4, 1857
- House of Representatives (11 seats)
- 1: Smith Miller (1804-1872), Democratic
- 2: William H. English (1822-1896), Democratic
- 3: George G. Dunn (1812-1857), Opposition
- 4: William Cumback (1829-1905), Opposition
- 5: David P. Holloway (1809-1883), Opposition
- 6: Lucien Barbour (1811-1880), Opposition
- 7: Harvey D. Scott (1818-1891), Opposition
- 8: Daniel Mace (1811-1867), Opposition
- 9: Schuyler Colfax (1823-1885), Opposition
- 10: Samuel Brenton (1810-1857), Opposition
- 11: John U. Pettit (1820-1881), Opposition
Iowa
- Senate
- 2: George W. Jones (1804-1896), Democratic
- 3: James Harlan (1820-1899), Opposition …elected to fill vacancy, December 31, 1855, seat declared vacant January 12, 1857]], elected January 29, 1857
- House of Representatives (2 seats)
- 1: Augustus Hall (1814-1861), Democratic
- 2: James Thorington (1816-1887), Opposition
Kentucky
- Senate
- 2: John B. Thompson (1810-1874), Opposition
- 3: John J. Crittenden (1786-1863), Opposition
- House of Representatives (10 seats)
- 1: Henry C. Burnett (1825-1866), Democratic
- 2: John P. Campbell, Jr. (1820-1888), American
- 3: Warner L. Underwood (1808-1872), American
- 4: Albert G. Talbott (1808-1887), Democratic
- 5: Joshua H. Jewett (1815-1861), Democratic
- 6: John M. Elliott (1820-1879), Democratic
- 7: Humphrey Marshall (1812-1872), American
- 8: Alexander K. Marshall (1808-1884), American
- 9: Leander M. Cox (1812-1865), American
- 10: Samuel F. Swope (1809-1865), American
Louisiana
- Senate
- 2: Judah P. Benjamin (1811-1884), Opposition
- 3: John Slidell (1793-1871), Democratic
- House of Representatives (4 seats)
- 1: George Eustis, Jr. (1828-1872), American
- 2: Miles Taylor (1805-1873), Democratic
- 3: Thomas G. Davidson (1805-1883), Democratic
- 4: John M. Sandidge (1817-1890), Democratic
Maine
- Senate
- 1: Hannibal Hamlin (1809-1891), Democratic …resigned January 7, 1857
- Amos Nourse (1794-1877), Republican …elected to fill vacancy, January 16, 1857
- 2: William Pitt Fessenden (1806-1869), Opposition
- House of Representatives (6 seats)
- 1: John M. Wood (1813-1864), Opposition
- 2: John J. Perry (1811-1897), Opposition
- 3: Ebenezer Knowlton (1815-1874), Opposition
- 4: Samuel P. Benson (1804-1876), Opposition
- 5: Israel Washburn, Jr. (1813-1883), Opposition
- 6: Thomas J. D. Fuller (1808-1876), Democratic
Maryland
- Senate
- 3: James A. Pearce (1805-1862), Opposition
- 1: Thomas G. Pratt (1804-1869), Opposition
- House of Representatives (6 seats)
- 1: James A. Stewart (1808-1879), Democratic
- 2: James B. Ricaud (1808-1866), American
- 3: J. Morrison Harris (1817-1898), American
- 4: Henry Winter Davis (1817-1865), American
- 5: Henry W. Hoffman (1825-1895), American
- 6: Thomas F. Bowie (1808-1869), Democratic
Massachusetts
- Senate
- 1: Charles Sumner (1811-1874), Opposition
- 2: Henry Wilson (1812-1875), Opposition
- House of Representatives (11 seats)
- 1: Robert B. Hall (1812-1868), American
- 2: James Buffinton (1817-1875), American
- 3: William S. Damrell (1809-1860), American
- 4: Linus B. Comins (1817-1892), American
- 5: Anson Burlingame (1820-1870), American
- 6: Timothy Davis (1821-1888), American
- 7: Nathaniel P. Banks (1816-1894), American
- 8: Chauncey L. Knapp (1809-1898), American
- 9: Alexander De Witt (1798-1879), American
- 10: Calvin C. Chaffee (1811-1896), American
- 11: Mark Trafton (1810-1901), American
Michigan
- Senate
- 1: Lewis Cass (1782-1866), Democratic
- 2: Charles E. Stuart (1810-1887), Democratic
- House of Representatives (4 seats)
- 1: William A. Howard (1813-1880), Opposition
- 2: Henry Waldron (1819-1880), Opposition
- 3: David S. Walbridge (1802-1868), Opposition
- 4: George W. Peck (1818-1905), Democratic
Mississippi
- Senate
- 1: Stephen Adams (1807-1857), Democratic
- 2: Albert G. Brown (1813-1880), Democratic
- House of Representatives (5 seats)
- 1: Daniel B. Wright (1812-1887), Democratic
- 2: Hendley S. Bennett (1807-1891), Democratic
- 3: William Barksdale (1821-1863), Democratic
- 4: William A. Lake (1808-1861), American
- 5: John A. Quitman (1799-1858), Democratic
Missouri
- Senate
- 1: Henry S. Geyer (1790-1859), Opposition
- 3: James S. Green (1817-1870), Democratic …elected to fill vacancy in class, January 12, 1857
- House of Representatives (7 seats)
- 1: Luther M. Kennett (1807-1873), Opposition
- 2: Gilchrist Porter (1817-1894), Opposition
- 3: James J. Lindley (1822-1891), Opposition
- 4: Mordecai Oliver (1819-1898), Opposition
- 5: John G. Miller (1812-1856), Opposition …died May 11, 1856
- Thomas P. Akers (1828-1877), American …elected to fill vacancy, seated August 18, 1856
- 6: John S. Phelps (1814-1886), Democratic
- 7: Samuel Caruthers (1820-1860), Opposition
New Hampshire
- Senate
- 2: John P. Hale (1806-1873), Opposition …elected to fill vacancy from preceding Congress, July 30, 1855
- 3: James Bell (1804-1857), Opposition …elected to fill vacancy from preceding Congress, July 30, 1855
- House of Representatives (3 seats)
- 1: James Pike (1818-1895), American
- 2: Mason W. Tappan (1817-1886), American
- 3: Aaron H. Cragin (1821-1898), American
New Jersey
- Senate
- 1: John R. Thomson (1800-1862), Democratic
- 2: William Wright (1794-1866), Democratic
- House of Representatives (5 seats)
- 1: Isaiah D. Clawson (1822-1879), Opposition
- 2: George R. Robbins (1808-1875), Opposition
- 3: James Bishop (1816-1895), Opposition
- 4: George Vail (1809-1875), Democratic
- 5: Alexander C. M. Pennington (1810-1867), Opposition
New York
- Senate
- 3: William H. Seward (1801-1872), Opposition
- 1: Hamilton Fish (1808-1893), Opposition
- House of Representatives (33 seats)
- 1: William W. Valk (1806-1879), American
- 2: James S. T. Stranahan (1808-1898), Opposition
- 3: Guy R. Pelton (1824-1890), Opposition
- 4: John Kelly (1822-1886), Democratic
- 5: Thomas R. Whitney (1807-1858), American
- 6: John Wheeler (1823-1906), Democratic
- 7: Thomas Child, Jr. (1818-1869), Opposition
- 8: Abram Wakeman (1824-1889), Opposition
- 9: Bayard Clarke (1815-1884), Opposition
- 10: Ambrose S. Murray (1807-1885), Opposition
- 11: Rufus H. King (1820-1890), Opposition
- 12: Killian Miller (1785-1859), Opposition
- 13: Russell Sage (1816-1906), Opposition
- 14: Samuel Dickson (1807-1858), Opposition
- 15: Edward Dodd (1805-1891), Opposition
- 16: George A. Simmons (1791-1857), Opposition
- 17: Francis E. Spinner (1802-1890), Democratic
- 18: Thomas R. Horton (1822-1894), Opposition
- 19: Jonas A. Hughston (1808-1862), Opposition
- 20: Orsamus B. Matteson (1805-1889), Opposition …resigned February 27, 1857
- 21: Henry Bennett (1808-1868), Opposition
- 22: Andrew Z. McCarty (1808-1879), Opposition
- 23: William A. Gilbert (1815-1875), Opposition …resigned February 28, 1857
- 24: Amos P. Granger (1789-1866), Opposition
- 25: Edwin B. Morgan (1806-1881), Opposition
- 26: Andrew Oliver (1815-1889), Democratic
- 27: John M. Parker (1805-1873), Opposition
- 28: William H. Kelsey (1812-1879), Opposition
- 29: John Williams (1807-1875), Democratic
- 30: Benjamin Pringle (1807-1887), Opposition
- 31: Thomas T. Flagler (1811-1897), Opposition
- 32: Solomon G. Haven (1810-1861), Opposition
- 33: Francis S. Edwards (1817-1899), American
North Carolina
- Senate
- 2: David S. Reid (1813-1891), Democratic
- 3: Asa Biggs (1811-1878), Democratic
- House of Representatives (8 seats)
- 1: Robert T. Paine (1812-1872), American
- 2: Thomas H. Ruffin (1820-1863), Democratic
- 3: Warren Winslow (1810-1862), Democratic
- 4: Lawrence O'Bryan Branch (1820-1862), Democratic
- 5: Edwin G. Reade (1812-1894), American
- 6: Richard C. Puryear (1801-1867), American
- 7: F. Burton Craige (1811-1875), Democratic
- 8: Thomas L. Clingman (1812-1897), Democratic
Ohio
- Senate
- 1: Benjamin F. Wade (1800-1878), Opposition
- 3: George E. Pugh (1822-1876), Democratic
- House of Representatives (21 seats)
- 1: Timothy C. Day (1819-1869), Opposition
- 2: John Scott Harrison (1804-1878), Opposition
- 3: Lewis D. Campbell (1811-1882), Opposition
- 4: Matthias H. Nichols (1824-1862), Opposition
- 5: Richard Mott (1804-1888), Opposition
- 6: Jonas R. Emrie (1812-1869), Opposition
- 7: Aaron Harlan (1802-1868), Opposition
- 8: Benjamin Stanton (1809-1872), Opposition
- 9: Cooper K. Watson (1810-1880), Opposition
- 10: Oscar F. Moore (1817-1885), Opposition
- 11: Valentine B. Horton (1802-1888), Opposition
- 12: Samuel Galloway (1811-1872), Opposition
- 13: John Sherman (1823-1900), Opposition
- 14: Philemon Bliss (1813-1889), Opposition
- 15: William R. Sapp (1804-1875), Opposition
- 16: Edward Ball (1811-1872), Opposition
- 17: Charles J. Albright (1816-1883), Opposition
- 18: Benjamin F. Leiter (1813-1866), Opposition
- 19: Edward Wade (1802-1866), Opposition
- 20: Joshua R. Giddings (1795-1864), Opposition
- 21: John A. Bingham (1815-1900), Opposition
Pennsylvania
- Senate
- 1: Richard Brodhead (1811-1863), Democratic
- 3: William Bigler (1814-1880), Democratic …elected to fill vacancy in class, January 14, 1856
- House of Representatives (25 seats)
- 1: Thomas B. Florence (1812-1875), Democratic
- 2: Job R. Tyson (1803-1858), Opposition
- 3: William Millward (1822-1871), Opposition
- 4: Jacob Broom (1808-1864), American
- 5: John Cadwalader (1805-1879), Democratic
- 6: John Hickman (1810-1875), Democratic
- 7: Samuel C. Bradshaw (1809-1872), Opposition
- 8: J. Glancey Jones (1811-1878), Democratic
- 9: Anthony E. Roberts (1803-1885), Opposition
- 10: John C. Kunkel (1816-1870), Opposition
- 11: James H. Campbell (1820-1895), Opposition
- 12: Henry M. Fuller (1820-1860), Opposition
- 13: Asa Packer (1805-1879), Democratic
- 14: Galusha A. Grow (1823-1907), Democratic
- 15: John J. Pearce (1826-1912), Opposition
- 16: Lemuel Todd (1817-1891), Opposition
- 17: David F. Robison (1816-1859), Opposition
- 18: John R. Edie (1814-1888), Opposition
- 19: John Covode (1808-1871), Opposition
- 20: Jonathan Knight (1787-1858), Opposition
- 21: David Ritchie (1812-1867), Opposition
- 22: Samuel A. Purviance (1809-1882), Opposition
- 23: John Allison (1812-1878), Opposition
- 24: David Barclay (1823-1889), Democratic
- 25: John Dick (1794-1872), Opposition
Rhode Island
- Senate
- 1: Charles T. James (1805-1862), Democratic
- 2: Philip Allen (1785-1865), Democratic
- House of Representatives (2 seats)
- 1: Nathaniel B. Durfee (1812-1872), American
- 2: Benjamin B. Thurston (1804-1886), American
South Carolina
- Senate
- 3: Andrew P. Butler (1796-1857), Democratic
- 2: Josiah J. Evans (1786-1858), Democratic
- House of Representatives (6 seats)
- 1: John McQueen (1804-1867), Democratic
- 2: William Aiken (1806-1887), Democratic
- 3: Laurence M. Keitt (1824-1864), Democratic …resigned July 16, 1856, subsequently elected to fill vacancy, seated August 6, 1856
- 4: Preston S. Brooks (1819-1857), Democratic …resigned July 14, 1856, subsequently elected to fill vacancy, seated August 1, 1856, died January 27, 1857
- 5: James L. Orr (1822-1873), Democratic
- 6: William W. Boyce (1818-1890), Democratic
Tennessee
- Senate
- 2: John Bell (1797-1869), Opposition
- 1: James C. Jones (1809-1859), Opposition
- House of Representatives (10 seats)
- 1: Albert G. Watkins (1818-1895), Democratic
- 2: William H. Sneed (1812-1869), American
- 3: Samuel A. Smith (1822-1863), Democratic
- 4: John H. Savage (1815-1904), Democratic
- 5: Charles Ready (1802-1878), American
- 6: George W. Jones (1806-1884), Democratic
- 7: John V. Wright (1828-1908), Democratic
- 8: Felix K. Zollicoffer (1812-1862), American
- 9: Emerson Etheridge (1819-1902), American
- 10: Thomas Rivers (1819-1863), American
Texas
- Senate
- 2: Samuel Houston (1793-1863), American
- 1: Thomas J. Rusk (1803-1857), Democratic
- House of Representatives (2 seats)
- 1: Lemuel D. Evans (1810-1877), American
- 2: Peter H. Bell (1812-1898), Democratic
Vermont
- Senate
- 1: Solomon Foot (1802-1866), Opposition
- 3: Jacob Collamer (1791-1865), Opposition
- House of Representatives (3 seats)
- 1: James Meacham (1810-1856), Opposition …died August 23, 1856
- George T. Hodges (1789-1860), Republican …elected to fill vacancy, seated December 1, 1856
- 2: Justin S. Morrill (1810-1898), Opposition
- 3: Alvah Sabin (1793-1885), Opposition
Virginia
- Senate
- 1 James M. Mason (1798-1871), Democratic
- 2: Robert M. T. Hunter (1809-1887), Democratic
- House of Representatives (13 seats)
- 1: Thomas H. Bayly (1810-1856), Democratic …died June 23, 1856
- Muscoe R. H. Garnett (1821-1864), Democratic …elected to fill vacancy, seated December 1, 1856
- 2: John S. Millson (1808-1874), Democratic
- 3: John S. Caskie (1821-1869), Democratic
- 4: William O. Goode (1798-1859), Democratic
- 5: Thomas S. Bocock (1815-1891), Democratic
- 6: Paulus Powell (1809-1874), Democratic
- 7: William Smith (1797-1887), Democratic
- 8: Charles J. Faulkner (1806-1884), Democratic
- 9: John Letcher (1813-1884), Democratic
- 10: Zedekiah Kidwell (1814-1872), Democratic
- 11: John S. Carlile (1817-1878), American
- 12: Henry A. Edmundson (1814-1890), Democratic
- 13: LaFayette McMullen (1805-1880), Democratic
Wisconsin
- Senate
- 1: Henry Dodge (1782-1867), Democratic
- 3: Charles Durkee (1805-1870), Opposition
- House of Representatives (3 seats)
- 1: Daniel Wells, Jr. (1808-1902), Democratic
- 2: Cadwallader C. Washburn (1818-1882), Opposition
- 3: Charles Billinghurst (1818-1865), Opposition
Delegates
- Kansas Territory
- A/L: John W. Whitfield (1818-1879), Democratic
- Minnesota Territory
- A/L: Henry M. Rice (1816-1894), Democratic
- Nebraska Territory
- A/L: Bird B. Chapman (1821-1871), Democratic
- New Mexico Territory
- A/L: José Manuel Gallegos (1815-1875), Democratic
- Miguel A. Otero (1829-1882), Democratic
- Oregon Territory
- A/L: Joseph Lane (1801-1881), Democratic
- Utah Territory
- A/L: John M. Bernhisel (1799-1881)
- Washington Territory
- A/L: James P. Anderson (1822-1872), Democratic
Membership detail by Chamber/Party
The list below is arranged by chamber, then by political party. Members are shown in alphabetical order.
Senate
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress.
Democratic
Opposition
American
Republican
House of Representatives
Members of the House of Representatives were elected by popular vote, variously to single member districts or at-large.
Democratic
American
Opposition
Republican
Membership Changes
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.
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Officers
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