Labour Party (UK)/Timelines: Difference between revisions
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* 1924: 1st Labour Government[http://www2.lse.ac.uk/library/archive/online_resources/webb/labour_government_1924.aspx]. Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald a short-lived minority government that passed laws on housing, education, unemployment and social insurance. | * 1924: 1st Labour Government[http://www2.lse.ac.uk/library/archive/online_resources/webb/labour_government_1924.aspx]. Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald a short-lived minority government that passed laws on housing, education, unemployment and social insurance. | ||
* 1929: 2nd Labour Government[http://www2.lse.ac.uk/library/archive/online_resources/webb/labour_government_1929_1931.aspx]. Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald - a second minority government that struggle unsuccessfully with the problems of [[deflation]] and [[unemployment]] arising from the [[Great Recession]]. | * 1929: 2nd Labour Government[http://www2.lse.ac.uk/library/archive/online_resources/webb/labour_government_1929_1931.aspx]. Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald - a second minority government that struggle unsuccessfully with the problems of [[deflation]] and [[unemployment]] arising from the [[Great Recession]]. | ||
:*1931 Recession raises the [[budget deficit]] Macdonald's | :*1931 Recession raises the [[budget deficit]] and Ramsay Macdonald's proposed unemployment benefit leads to a cabinet split. | ||
* 1931: National Government (coalition). Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald | * 1931: National Government (coalition). Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald | ||
* 1934: Stanley Baldwin ([[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]]) replaced Ramsay MacDonald as Prime Minister | * 1934: Stanley Baldwin ([[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]]) replaced Ramsay MacDonald as Prime Minister | ||
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* 1941: [[Winston Churchill]] (Conservative) became Prime Minister and Clement Attlee became Deputy Prime Minister | * 1941: [[Winston Churchill]] (Conservative) became Prime Minister and Clement Attlee became Deputy Prime Minister | ||
* 1942: The Beveridge Report[http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/december/1/newsid_4696000/4696207.stm] - prposal to set up a "welfare atate'' | * 1942: The Beveridge Report[http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/december/1/newsid_4696000/4696207.stm] - prposal to set up a "welfare atate'' | ||
* 1944: [[Bretton Woods | * 1944: [[Bretton Woods]] Agreement - to maintain a fixed rate of exchange with the US $. | ||
==1945-1964== | ==1945-1964== | ||
* 1945: General Election - voting: Labour 49.7%, Conservative 36.2%, Liberal 9.0%; - seats won: Labour 393, Conservative 197, Liberal 12 | * 1945: General Election Labour victory- voting: Labour 49.7%, Conservative 36.2%, Liberal 9.0%; - seats won: Labour 393, Conservative 197, Liberal 12 | ||
:*1st and 2nd Attlee Governments[http://www.users.globalnet.co.uk/~semp/conflict.htm]. Prime Minister Clement Atlee - nationalisation of the coal mining, railways, road haulage, electricity and gas and steel industries. | :*1st and 2nd Attlee Governments[http://www.users.globalnet.co.uk/~semp/conflict.htm]. Prime Minister Clement Atlee - nationalisation of the coal mining, railways, road haulage, electricity and gas and steel industries. | ||
* 1946: Anglo-American Loan[http://my-bankruptcy-help.com/?b=Anglo-American_loan] - $3.75 billion dollars at two per cent repayable over fifty years starting in 1951. | * 1946: Anglo-American Loan[http://my-bankruptcy-help.com/?b=Anglo-American_loan] - $3.75 billion dollars at two per cent repayable over fifty years starting in 1951. | ||
* 1949: Devaluation - the £ is devalued by 30%, from $4.03 to $2.80[http://century.guardian.co.uk/1940-1949/Story/0,,105127,00.html] | * 1949: Devaluation - the £ is devalued by 30%, from $4.03 to $2.80[http://century.guardian.co.uk/1940-1949/Story/0,,105127,00.html] | ||
* 1950: General Election - voting: Labour 46.1%, Conservative 43.5%, Liberal 9.1%; - seats won: Labour 315, Conservative 298, Liberal 6 | * 1950: General Election: Labour victory - voting: Labour 46.1%, Conservative 43.5%, Liberal 9.1%; - seats won: Labour 315, Conservative 298, Liberal 6 | ||
:* [[Korean War]] - 90,000 British troops suffered over 1,000 fatalities[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/1285708.stm]. | :* [[Korean War]] - 90,000 British troops suffered over 1,000 fatalities[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/1285708.stm]. | ||
* 1951: General Election - Labour (48.8%) Conservative (48.0%) Liberal (2.5%); - seats won: Labour 295, Conservative 321, Liberal 9 | * 1951: General Election: Conservative victory - Labour (48.8%) Conservative (48.0%) Liberal (2.5%); - seats won: Labour 295, Conservative 321, Liberal 9 | ||
* 1955 Hugh Gaitskell[http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/TUgaitskell.htm] elected party leader and made an unsuccessful attempt to remove the party's clause IV commitment to nationalisation. | * 1955 Hugh Gaitskell[http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/TUgaitskell.htm] elected party leader and made an unsuccessful attempt to remove the party's clause IV commitment to nationalisation. | ||
* 1957: ''The Future of Socialism"[http://www.questia.com/read/27894936?title=The%20Future%20of%20Socialism](Questia members) - book by Anthony Crossland that questioned the case for further nationalisation. | * 1957: ''The Future of Socialism"[http://www.questia.com/read/27894936?title=The%20Future%20of%20Socialism](Questia members) - book by Anthony Crossland that questioned the case for further nationalisation. | ||
* 1960: Campaign for Democratic Socialism | * 1960: Campaign for Democratic Socialism | ||
==1964-1997== | ==1964-1997== | ||
* 1964: | * 1964: General Election: narrow Labour victory - voting: Labour 44.1%, Conservative 43.4%, Liberal 11.0%; - seats won: Labour 317, Conservative 314, Liberal 9 | ||
* 1965: ''The National Plan''[http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/documentsonline/DoLUserDownload/nickgchanc@gmailcom/CAB/129/122/0/0016.pdf] an unsuccessful attempt at "indicative planning". | |||
:* 1967: Devaluation of the £. | * 1966: General Election: Labour victory - voting: Labour 48.0%, Conservative 41.9%, Liberal 8.5%; - seats won: Labour 364, Conservative 253, Liberal 12 | ||
* 1967: Devaluation of the £[http://irserver.ucd.ie/dspace/bitstream/10197/1389/1/pp91_04.pdf]. | |||
* 1976: Harold Wilson resigned[http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/march/16/newsid_2524000/2524099.stm], [[James Callaghan]][http://www.number10.gov.uk/history-and-tour/prime-ministers-in-history/james-callaghan] became Prime Minister. | * 1968: Basle Agreement - 12 [[central bank]]s and the [[Bank for International Settlements]]provide a $2 billion loan facility, for the UK to guarantee the $ value of the £ | ||
:*1978: [[Winter of Discontent]][http://libcom.org/history/1978-1979-winter-of-discontent] - widespread industrial disruption in defiance of the Government's planned 5 per cent limit on pay increases. | :* January White Paper: ''In Place of Strife''[http://nationalarchives.gov.uk/cabinetpapers/themes/industrial-unrest.htm] - an unsuccessful attempt at legal control of the trades unions. | ||
* 1980: Michael[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/932797.stm] | * 1970: General Election: Conservative victory - voting: Labour 43.1%, Conservative 46.4%, Liberal 7.5%; - seats won: Labour 288, Conservative 330, Liberal 12 | ||
* 1972: The floating £[http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/june/23/newsid_2518000/2518927.stm] - the [[Bretton Woods]] regime of a fixed exchange rate between the £ and the $ was abandoned in favour of a regime in which market forces are allowed to determine the exchange rate. | |||
* 1973: Oil price crisis[http://tripatlas.com/1973_oil_crisis] - the OPEC oil producers quadruple their prices: from $3 to $12 a barrel, triggering an international [[recession]] | |||
* 1974: General Elections: | |||
:* February: Lib/Lab victory - voting: Labour 37.2%, Conservative 37.9%, Liberal 19.3%; - seats won: Labour 301, Conservative 297, Liberal 6 | |||
:* October: narrow Labour victory - voting: Labour 39.2%, Conservative 35.8%, Liberal 9.0%; - seats won: Labour 393, Conservative 197, Liberal 12, others 26 | |||
* 1975: Common Market referendum[http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/june/6/newsid_2499000/2499297.stm][http://www.harvard-digital.co.uk/euro/pamphlet.htm] - a 2-1 majority in favour of continued membership. | |||
* 1976: Sterling crisis - international concern about the [[budget deficit]] and growth of the [[money supply]] leads to a rapid fall in the exchange rate. | |||
:* March: Harold Wilson resigned[http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/march/16/newsid_2524000/2524099.stm], [[James Callaghan]][http://www.number10.gov.uk/history-and-tour/prime-ministers-in-history/james-callaghan] became Prime Minister. | |||
:* July: [[Money supply]] target of 12 per cent annual growth rate of Sterling M3 set by the [[Chancellor of the Exchequer]] | |||
:* September: IMF loan - application to the [[International Monetary Fund]] for a loan of $3.9 million in order to replenish the UK's forein eschange reserves | |||
:* December: Letter of Intent to the [[International Monetary Fund]] accepts an annual domestic credit expansion limit of 9 per cent. | |||
* 1978: [[Winter of Discontent]][http://libcom.org/history/1978-1979-winter-of-discontent] - widespread industrial disruption in defiance of the Government's planned 5 per cent limit on pay increases. | |||
* 1979: General Election - voting: Labour 36.9%, Conservative 43.9%, Liberal 18.3%; - seats won: Labour 319, Conservative 277, Liberal 13 | |||
* 1980: Labour Party leadership election - 2nd Ballot voting Michael Foot[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/932797.stm] 52%, Dennis Healey 48%. | |||
* 1981: The Limehouse Declaration[http://www.liberalhistory.org.uk/uploads/LimehouseDeclaration.pdf] by Shirley Williams, David Owen, Bill Rodgers and Roy Jenkins, setting up a Council for Social Democracy - later to become the breakaway Social Democratic Party[http://archiveshub.ac.uk/features/03100803.html]. | * 1981: The Limehouse Declaration[http://www.liberalhistory.org.uk/uploads/LimehouseDeclaration.pdf] by Shirley Williams, David Owen, Bill Rodgers and Roy Jenkins, setting up a Council for Social Democracy - later to become the breakaway Social Democratic Party[http://archiveshub.ac.uk/features/03100803.html]. | ||
* 1983: Neil Kinnock[http://www.europeanvoice.com/article/imported/feature-kinnock-the-passionate-moderniser-whose-reforms-sparked-a-revolution/43574.aspx] - | * 1983 General Election voting: Labour 27,6%, Conservative 42.4%, SDP/Lib 25.4%; - seats won: Labour 209, Conservative 397, SDP/Lib 23 | ||
* 1992: John Smith took over from Neil Kinnock[http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-14486743.html] | :* Labour Party leadership election Neil Kinnock[http://www.europeanvoice.com/article/imported/feature-kinnock-the-passionate-moderniser-whose-reforms-sparked-a-revolution/43574.aspx] 72%, Roy Hattersley 19%. | ||
* 1987 General Election voting: Labour 30.8%, Conservative 42,2%, SDP/Lib 22.6%; - seats won: Labour 229, Conservative 376, SDP/Lib 22 | |||
* 1988 Labour Party leadership election - voting: Kinnock 89%, Benn 11% | |||
* 1992 General Election voting: Labour 34.4%, Conservative 41.9%, Lib Dem 17.8%; - seats won: Labour 271, Conservative 336, Lib Dem 20 | |||
:* : John Smith took over from Neil Kinnock[http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-14486743.html] | |||
* 1994: John Smith died[http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/may/12/newsid_2550000/2550803.stm]. [[Tony Blair]] elected party leader | * 1994: John Smith died[http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/may/12/newsid_2550000/2550803.stm]. [[Tony Blair]] elected party leader | ||
==1997-2010== | ==1997-2010== | ||
* 1997: Labour Governments. Prime Minister Tony Blair '' - see [[Tony Blair/Timelines#1997|Tony Blair timeline]] | * 1997: General Election - voting: Labour 43.2%, Conservative 30.7%, Liberal 16.8%; - seats won: Labour 418, Conservative 165, Liberal 46 | ||
::Labour Governments. Prime Minister Tony Blair '' - see [[Tony Blair/Timelines#1997|Tony Blair timeline]] | |||
* 2007: Tony Blair retired. [[Gordon Brown]] replaced Tony Blair as Prime Minister '' - see [[Gordon Brown/Timelines|Gordon Brown | * 2007: Tony Blair retired. [[Gordon Brown]] replaced Tony Blair as Prime Minister '' - see [[Gordon Brown/Timelines|Gordon Brown | ||
timeline]]'' | timeline]]'' | ||
* 2010: Conservative | * 2010: General Election - voting: Labour 29.0%, Conservative 36.1%, Liberal Democrat 23.0%; - seats won: Labour 258, Conservative 306, Liberal Democrat 57. | ||
:* Ed Milliband elected Labour party leader. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist}} | {{reflist}} |
Latest revision as of 03:49, 21 November 2010
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1834-1929
- 1834: The Tolpuddle martyrs[1] - 5 trade unionists are sentenced to 7 years transportation to Australia
- 1838: The People's Charter[2] We demand universal suffrage
- 1871: The Paris Commune[3] - Paris workers seize power and form the world's first socialist government
- 1881: Democratic Federation formed[4]
- 1884: The Democratic Federation was renamed the Social Democratic Foundation
- Fabian Society formed[5] - a socialist pressure group that wanted to create a "society in accordance with the highest moral possibilities".
- 1891: The Condition of the Working Class in England by Frederick Engels - depicting overcrowded housing, abject poverty, child labour, sexual exploitation, dirt and drunkenness.
- 1892: Keir Hardie, a Scottish trade union leader, elected Member of Parliament as "Independent Labour"
- 1893: Independent Labour Party[6] formed by Keir Hardie "to secure the collective ownership of the means of production, distribution and exchange".
- 1900: Labour Representation Committee[7] - brought socialist groups togethe for the purpose of increasing working class representation in Parliament.
- Keir Hardy elected as the first "Labour" Member of Parliament
- 1901: Taff Vale judgement[8] - upheld the right of a company to sue a trade union for the recovery of losses due to a strike
- 1906: The Labour Repesentation Committee renamed "The Labour Party"
- 1916: Sidney Webb joined the Labour Party Executive and helped to draft its constitution[9]
1924-1945
- 1924: 1st Labour Government[10]. Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald a short-lived minority government that passed laws on housing, education, unemployment and social insurance.
- 1929: 2nd Labour Government[11]. Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald - a second minority government that struggle unsuccessfully with the problems of deflation and unemployment arising from the Great Recession.
- 1931 Recession raises the budget deficit and Ramsay Macdonald's proposed unemployment benefit leads to a cabinet split.
- 1931: National Government (coalition). Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald
- 1934: Stanley Baldwin (Conservative) replaced Ramsay MacDonald as Prime Minister
- 1935: Clement Attlee became leader of the Labour Party
- 1940: Wartime coalition. Neville Chamberlain (Conservative) Prime Minister
- 1941: Winston Churchill (Conservative) became Prime Minister and Clement Attlee became Deputy Prime Minister
- 1942: The Beveridge Report[12] - prposal to set up a "welfare atate
- 1944: Bretton Woods Agreement - to maintain a fixed rate of exchange with the US $.
1945-1964
- 1945: General Election Labour victory- voting: Labour 49.7%, Conservative 36.2%, Liberal 9.0%; - seats won: Labour 393, Conservative 197, Liberal 12
- 1st and 2nd Attlee Governments[13]. Prime Minister Clement Atlee - nationalisation of the coal mining, railways, road haulage, electricity and gas and steel industries.
- 1946: Anglo-American Loan[14] - $3.75 billion dollars at two per cent repayable over fifty years starting in 1951.
- 1949: Devaluation - the £ is devalued by 30%, from $4.03 to $2.80[15]
- 1950: General Election: Labour victory - voting: Labour 46.1%, Conservative 43.5%, Liberal 9.1%; - seats won: Labour 315, Conservative 298, Liberal 6
- Korean War - 90,000 British troops suffered over 1,000 fatalities[16].
- 1951: General Election: Conservative victory - Labour (48.8%) Conservative (48.0%) Liberal (2.5%); - seats won: Labour 295, Conservative 321, Liberal 9
- 1955 Hugh Gaitskell[17] elected party leader and made an unsuccessful attempt to remove the party's clause IV commitment to nationalisation.
- 1957: The Future of Socialism"[18](Questia members) - book by Anthony Crossland that questioned the case for further nationalisation.
- 1960: Campaign for Democratic Socialism
1964-1997
- 1964: General Election: narrow Labour victory - voting: Labour 44.1%, Conservative 43.4%, Liberal 11.0%; - seats won: Labour 317, Conservative 314, Liberal 9
- 1965: The National Plan[19] an unsuccessful attempt at "indicative planning".
- 1966: General Election: Labour victory - voting: Labour 48.0%, Conservative 41.9%, Liberal 8.5%; - seats won: Labour 364, Conservative 253, Liberal 12
- 1967: Devaluation of the £[20].
- 1968: Basle Agreement - 12 central banks and the Bank for International Settlementsprovide a $2 billion loan facility, for the UK to guarantee the $ value of the £
- January White Paper: In Place of Strife[21] - an unsuccessful attempt at legal control of the trades unions.
- 1970: General Election: Conservative victory - voting: Labour 43.1%, Conservative 46.4%, Liberal 7.5%; - seats won: Labour 288, Conservative 330, Liberal 12
- 1972: The floating £[22] - the Bretton Woods regime of a fixed exchange rate between the £ and the $ was abandoned in favour of a regime in which market forces are allowed to determine the exchange rate.
- 1973: Oil price crisis[23] - the OPEC oil producers quadruple their prices: from $3 to $12 a barrel, triggering an international recession
- 1974: General Elections:
- February: Lib/Lab victory - voting: Labour 37.2%, Conservative 37.9%, Liberal 19.3%; - seats won: Labour 301, Conservative 297, Liberal 6
- October: narrow Labour victory - voting: Labour 39.2%, Conservative 35.8%, Liberal 9.0%; - seats won: Labour 393, Conservative 197, Liberal 12, others 26
- 1975: Common Market referendum[24][25] - a 2-1 majority in favour of continued membership.
- 1976: Sterling crisis - international concern about the budget deficit and growth of the money supply leads to a rapid fall in the exchange rate.
- March: Harold Wilson resigned[26], James Callaghan[27] became Prime Minister.
- July: Money supply target of 12 per cent annual growth rate of Sterling M3 set by the Chancellor of the Exchequer
- September: IMF loan - application to the International Monetary Fund for a loan of $3.9 million in order to replenish the UK's forein eschange reserves
- December: Letter of Intent to the International Monetary Fund accepts an annual domestic credit expansion limit of 9 per cent.
- 1978: Winter of Discontent[28] - widespread industrial disruption in defiance of the Government's planned 5 per cent limit on pay increases.
- 1979: General Election - voting: Labour 36.9%, Conservative 43.9%, Liberal 18.3%; - seats won: Labour 319, Conservative 277, Liberal 13
- 1980: Labour Party leadership election - 2nd Ballot voting Michael Foot[29] 52%, Dennis Healey 48%.
- 1981: The Limehouse Declaration[30] by Shirley Williams, David Owen, Bill Rodgers and Roy Jenkins, setting up a Council for Social Democracy - later to become the breakaway Social Democratic Party[31].
- 1983 General Election voting: Labour 27,6%, Conservative 42.4%, SDP/Lib 25.4%; - seats won: Labour 209, Conservative 397, SDP/Lib 23
- Labour Party leadership election Neil Kinnock[32] 72%, Roy Hattersley 19%.
- 1987 General Election voting: Labour 30.8%, Conservative 42,2%, SDP/Lib 22.6%; - seats won: Labour 229, Conservative 376, SDP/Lib 22
- 1988 Labour Party leadership election - voting: Kinnock 89%, Benn 11%
- 1992 General Election voting: Labour 34.4%, Conservative 41.9%, Lib Dem 17.8%; - seats won: Labour 271, Conservative 336, Lib Dem 20
- : John Smith took over from Neil Kinnock[33]
- 1994: John Smith died[34]. Tony Blair elected party leader
1997-2010
- 1997: General Election - voting: Labour 43.2%, Conservative 30.7%, Liberal 16.8%; - seats won: Labour 418, Conservative 165, Liberal 46
- Labour Governments. Prime Minister Tony Blair - see Tony Blair timeline
- 2007: Tony Blair retired. Gordon Brown replaced Tony Blair as Prime Minister - see Gordon Brown timeline
- 2010: General Election - voting: Labour 29.0%, Conservative 36.1%, Liberal Democrat 23.0%; - seats won: Labour 258, Conservative 306, Liberal Democrat 57.
- Ed Milliband elected Labour party leader.