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'''Juno''' (Roman name) or '''Hera''' (Greek) in [[Ancient Greece|Greek]] and [[Ancient Rome|Roman]] [[mythology]] was the unhappy wife (and sister) of [[Zeus]], angry at her husband's numerous affairs with other [[Greek god|goddesses]] and [[human]] [[women]] | {{dambigbox|Juno (mythology)|Juno}} | ||
[[Image:James Barry Juno and Jupiter.jpg|thumb|right|300px|alt=Painting of two lovers.|Juno and Zeus did not have a happy [[marriage]].]] | |||
'''Juno''' (Roman name) or '''Hera''' (Greek) in [[Ancient Greece|Greek]] and [[Ancient Rome|Roman]] [[mythology]] was the goddess of marriage, the daughter of [[Saturn (god)|Saturn]]. and unhappy wife (and sister) of [[Zeus]], angry at her husband's numerous affairs with other [[Greek god|goddesses]] and [[human]] [[women]]. Juno played a prominent role in [[literature]] in the ''[[Aeneid]]'' by [[Virgil]] by causing numerous troubles for the [[hero]] [[Aeneas]]. Juno was particularly angry at [[Troy (ancient city)|Trojans]] since some of the Trojan royalty were descended from her husband Zeus through [[marriage|extra-marital]] affairs, and it didn't help that the Trojan [[Paris (Iliad)|Paris]] chose her rival [[Venus (goddess)|Aphrodite]] over her in a [[beauty]] contest. Juno had promised Paris control over [[city|cities]], while [[Athena]] had promised him success in [[warfare|battle]], but Aphrodite had promised Paris the "most beautiful woman in the world", namely [[Helen of Troy]]. So Juno lined up with other gods against Troy in the [[epic]] struggle lasting ten years between the Greek expeditionary force led by [[Agamemnon]] who besieged the city of Troy, as described in numerous plays and tragedies as well as epic [[poetry|poems]] such as the ''[[Iliad]]'' and ''[[Odyssey]]'' by [[Homer]]. After the city fell, Juno harried the fleeing Trojan warrior [[Aeneas]] who had numerous adventures around the [[Mediterranean Sea]] while searching to found the city of [[Rome]]. Juno sided with Carthaginian queen [[Dido]], and later with Aeneas' rival [[Turnus]] along with the [[Rutulians]]. Juno preferred Rome's future rival city, [[Carthage]], according to [[Virgil]] writing around the time of [[Augustus|Augustus Caesar]]. But in Roman times, Juno was worshiped as the patron goddess of [[Rome]]. | |||
Juno did not have lots of successful offspring with her [[marriage]] to [[Zeus]]. She conceived [[Haephestus]] by herself, but | Juno did not have lots of successful offspring with her [[marriage]] to [[Zeus]], although she did have the war-god [[Mars]] who was hated by most of the other gods and goddesses. Differing accounts suggest she may have been the [[motherhood|mother]] of [[Minerva]] (in the Greek version, Minerva or Athena was born from the top of Zeus' head, not from Juno.) | ||
She conceived the fire-god [[Vulcan]] (or in Greek: [[Haephestus]]) by herself, according to one account, but Vulcan was dour, with an ill-temper, and became the [[Greek god|god]] of forging, metalworking, and smithing. In Greek mythology, Juno was portrayed generally as a middle-aged woman, perhaps in her forties. Greek gods generally reached a certain age, and then stopped aging, according to [[Classics]] [[scholarship|scholar]] [[Elizabeth Vandiver]]. | |||
==Further information== | |||
* See [[Elizabeth Vandiver]] of [[The Teaching Company]]; courses: ''Classical Mythology'' and ''The Iliad of Homer'' and ''The Aeneid'' and ''The Odyssey of Homer'' | |||
Latest revision as of 13:04, 24 February 2023
Juno (Roman name) or Hera (Greek) in Greek and Roman mythology was the goddess of marriage, the daughter of Saturn. and unhappy wife (and sister) of Zeus, angry at her husband's numerous affairs with other goddesses and human women. Juno played a prominent role in literature in the Aeneid by Virgil by causing numerous troubles for the hero Aeneas. Juno was particularly angry at Trojans since some of the Trojan royalty were descended from her husband Zeus through extra-marital affairs, and it didn't help that the Trojan Paris chose her rival Aphrodite over her in a beauty contest. Juno had promised Paris control over cities, while Athena had promised him success in battle, but Aphrodite had promised Paris the "most beautiful woman in the world", namely Helen of Troy. So Juno lined up with other gods against Troy in the epic struggle lasting ten years between the Greek expeditionary force led by Agamemnon who besieged the city of Troy, as described in numerous plays and tragedies as well as epic poems such as the Iliad and Odyssey by Homer. After the city fell, Juno harried the fleeing Trojan warrior Aeneas who had numerous adventures around the Mediterranean Sea while searching to found the city of Rome. Juno sided with Carthaginian queen Dido, and later with Aeneas' rival Turnus along with the Rutulians. Juno preferred Rome's future rival city, Carthage, according to Virgil writing around the time of Augustus Caesar. But in Roman times, Juno was worshiped as the patron goddess of Rome.
Juno did not have lots of successful offspring with her marriage to Zeus, although she did have the war-god Mars who was hated by most of the other gods and goddesses. Differing accounts suggest she may have been the mother of Minerva (in the Greek version, Minerva or Athena was born from the top of Zeus' head, not from Juno.)
She conceived the fire-god Vulcan (or in Greek: Haephestus) by herself, according to one account, but Vulcan was dour, with an ill-temper, and became the god of forging, metalworking, and smithing. In Greek mythology, Juno was portrayed generally as a middle-aged woman, perhaps in her forties. Greek gods generally reached a certain age, and then stopped aging, according to Classics scholar Elizabeth Vandiver.
Further information
- See Elizabeth Vandiver of The Teaching Company; courses: Classical Mythology and The Iliad of Homer and The Aeneid and The Odyssey of Homer