Serbian language: Difference between revisions
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'''Serbian''' (in its own language: ''српски | '''Serbian''' or '''Serb''' (in its own language: ''српски, srpski'') is a [[Slavic language]] belonging to the [[Serbo-Croatian]] [[diasystem]], spoken by [[Serbian people]] and [[Montenegrin people]]. It is the state language of [[Serbia]] and [[Montenegro]] and one of the state languages of [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]] and [[Kosovo]]. | ||
The state of Montenegro states that its official language is '''Montenegrin''' (''црногорски, crnogorski''). In fact, there is no real difference between standard Serbian and what is called the Montenegrin language. The few intents to create a new, diverging Montenegrin standard variety have not been fully implemented yet. | |||
==Writing system== | ==Writing system== | ||
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*Latin order (called ''abeceda''): A B C Č Ć D Dž Đ E F G H I J K L Lj M N Nj O P R S Š T U V Z Ž | *Latin order (called ''abeceda''): A B C Č Ć D Dž Đ E F G H I J K L Lj M N Nj O P R S Š T U V Z Ž | ||
<div align="center"> | |||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
|+ | |+ Serbian Alphabets | ||
! ''' | ! '''Cyrillic letter''' || Cyrillic<br>letter name || '''Latin letter''' || Latin<br>letter name || Pronunciation<br>([[IPA]]) || Pronunciation<br>(English<br>approximate equivalent) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''A, a''' || a || '''A, a''' || a || {{IPA|[a]}} || ''a'' in f''a''ther, ''u'' in '' | | '''A, a''' || a || '''A, a''' || a || {{IPA|[a]}} || ''a'' in "f''a''ther", ''u'' in "c''u''t" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''Б, б''' || бе || '''B, b''' || be ||{{IPA|[b]}} || ''b'' | | '''Б, б''' || бе || '''B, b''' || be ||{{IPA|[b]}} || ''b'' | ||
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| '''В, в''' || ве || '''V, v''' || ve || {{IPA|[ʋ]}} || Resembles ''v''. | | '''В, в''' || ве || '''V, v''' || ve || {{IPA|[ʋ]}} || Resembles ''v''. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''Г, г''' || ге || '''G, g''' || ge || {{IPA|[g]}} || ''g'' in ''g''ive | | '''Г, г''' || ге || '''G, g''' || ge || {{IPA|[g]}} || ''g'' in "''g''ive" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''Д, д''' || де || '''D, d''' || de ||{{IPA|[d]}} || ''d'' | | '''Д, д''' || де || '''D, d''' || de ||{{IPA|[d]}} || ''d'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''Ђ, ђ''' || ђе || '''Đ, đ'''<br><small>(''Dj, dj'' is an unofficial,<br>foreign transcripcion)</small> || đe || {{IPA|[dʑ]}} || ''dy'' in goo''d'' ''y''ear | | '''Ђ, ђ''' || ђе || '''Đ, đ'''<br><small>(''Dj, dj'' is an unofficial,<br>foreign transcripcion)</small> || đe || {{IPA|[dʑ]}} || ''dy'' in "goo''d'' ''y''ear" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''E, e''' || e || '''E, e'''||e|| {{IPA|[e]}} || ''e'' in l''e''t | | '''E, e''' || e || '''E, e'''||e|| {{IPA|[e]}} || ''e'' in "l''e''t" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''Ж, ж''' || же || '''Ž, ž''' || že || {{IPA|[ʒ]}} || ''s'' in plea''s''ure | | '''Ж, ж''' || же || '''Ž, ž''' || že || {{IPA|[ʒ]}} || ''s'' in "plea''s''ure" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''З, з''' || зе || '''Z, z''' || ze || {{IPA|[z]}} || ''z'' | | '''З, з''' || зе || '''Z, z''' || ze || {{IPA|[z]}} || ''z'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''И, и''' || и || '''I, i''' || i || {{IPA|[i]}} || ''i'' in l''i''nk | | '''И, и''' || и || '''I, i''' || i || {{IPA|[i]}} || ''i'' in "l''i''nk" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''J, j''' || је || '''J, j''' || je || {{IPA|[j]}} || ''y'' in ''y''et | | '''J, j''' || је || '''J, j''' || je || {{IPA|[j]}} || ''y'' in "''y''et" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''К, к ''' || ка || '''K, k''' || ka || {{IPA|[k]}} || ''k'' | | '''К, к ''' || ка || '''K, k''' || ka || {{IPA|[k]}} || ''k'' | ||
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| '''Л, л''' || ле || '''L, l''' || le || {{IPA|[l]}} || ''l'' | | '''Л, л''' || ле || '''L, l''' || le || {{IPA|[l]}} || ''l'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''Љ, љ''' || ље || '''Lj, lj''' || lje || {{IPA|[ʎ]}} || ''li'' in mi''lli''on | | '''Љ, љ''' || ље || '''Lj, lj''' || lje || {{IPA|[ʎ]}} || ''li'' in "mi''lli''on" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''М, м''' || ме || '''M, m''' || me || {{IPA|[m]}} || ''m'' | | '''М, м''' || ме || '''M, m''' || me || {{IPA|[m]}} || ''m'' | ||
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| '''Н, н''' || не || '''N, n''' || ne || {{IPA|[n]}} || ''n'' | | '''Н, н''' || не || '''N, n''' || ne || {{IPA|[n]}} || ''n'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''Њ, њ ''' || ње || '''Nj, nj''' || nje || {{IPA|[ɲ]}}|| ''ni'' in o''ni''on | | '''Њ, њ ''' || ње || '''Nj, nj''' || nje || {{IPA|[ɲ]}}|| ''ni'' in "o''ni''on" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''O, o''' || o || '''O, o''' || o || {{IPA|[o]}} || ''aw'' | | '''O, o''' || o || '''O, o''' || o || {{IPA|[o]}} || ''aw'' in "s''aw''", ''o'' in "s''o''ng" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''П, п''' || пе || '''P, p''' || pe || {{IPA|[p]}} || ''p'' | | '''П, п''' || пе || '''P, p''' || pe || {{IPA|[p]}} || ''p'' | ||
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| '''T, т''' || те || '''T, t''' || te || {{IPA|[t]}} || ''t'' | | '''T, т''' || те || '''T, t''' || te || {{IPA|[t]}} || ''t'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''Ћ, ћ''' || ће || '''Ć, ć''' || će || {{IPA|[tɕ]}}|| ''ty'' in le''t'' ''y''ou | | '''Ћ, ћ''' || ће || '''Ć, ć''' || će || {{IPA|[tɕ]}}|| ''ty'' in "le''t'' ''y''ou" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''У, y''' || у || '''U, u''' || u || {{IPA|[u]}} || ''oo'' in l''oo''k | | '''У, y''' || у || '''U, u''' || u || {{IPA|[u]}} || ''oo'' in "l''oo''k" or "s''oo''n" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''Ф, ф''' || фе || '''F, f''' || fe || {{IPA|[f]}} || ''f'' | | '''Ф, ф''' || фе || '''F, f''' || fe || {{IPA|[f]}} || ''f'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''X, x''' || ха || '''H, h''' || ha || {{IPA|[x]}} || ''ch'' in lo''ch'' | | '''X, x''' || ха || '''H, h''' || ha || {{IPA|[x]}} || Scottish ''ch'' in "lo''ch''" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''Ц, ц''' || це || '''C, c''' || ce || {{IPA|[ts]}} || ''ts'' | | '''Ц, ц''' || це || '''C, c''' || ce || {{IPA|[ts]}} || ''ts'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''Ч, ч''' || че || '''Č, č''' || če || {{IPA|[tʃ]}} || ''ch'' in su''ch'' | | '''Ч, ч''' || че || '''Č, č''' || če || {{IPA|[tʃ]}} || ''ch'' in "su''ch''" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''Џ, џ''' || џе || '''DŽ, dž''' || dže || {{IPA|[dʒ]}} || ''j'' | | '''Џ, џ''' || џе || '''DŽ, dž''' || dže || {{IPA|[dʒ]}} || ''j'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''Ш, ш''' || ша || '''Š, š''' || ša || {{IPA|[ʃ]}} || ''sh'' | | '''Ш, ш''' || ша || '''Š, š''' || ša || {{IPA|[ʃ]}} || ''sh'' | ||
|} | |}[[Category:Suggestion Bot Tag]] |
Latest revision as of 06:01, 17 October 2024
Serbian or Serb (in its own language: српски, srpski) is a Slavic language belonging to the Serbo-Croatian diasystem, spoken by Serbian people and Montenegrin people. It is the state language of Serbia and Montenegro and one of the state languages of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Kosovo.
The state of Montenegro states that its official language is Montenegrin (црногорски, crnogorski). In fact, there is no real difference between standard Serbian and what is called the Montenegrin language. The few intents to create a new, diverging Montenegrin standard variety have not been fully implemented yet.
Writing system
Serbian may be written with the Cyrillic alphabet (ћирилица, ćirilica) or with the Latin alphabet (latinica). In Serbia, only the Cyrillic script is official but the Latin script is also widely used. It is very easy to switch from one to another writing system thanks to a simple system of correspondence. This coexistence of two alphabets resembles the situation of Belarussian.
The alphabetic order is different between the two systems.
- Cyrillic order (called азбука, azbuka): А Б В Г Д Ђ Е Ж З И Ј К Л Љ М Н Њ О П Р С Т Ћ У Ф Х Ц Ч Џ Ш
- Latin order (called abeceda): A B C Č Ć D Dž Đ E F G H I J K L Lj M N Nj O P R S Š T U V Z Ž
Cyrillic letter | Cyrillic letter name |
Latin letter | Latin letter name |
Pronunciation (IPA) |
Pronunciation (English approximate equivalent) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
A, a | a | A, a | a | [a] | a in "father", u in "cut" |
Б, б | бе | B, b | be | [b] | b |
В, в | ве | V, v | ve | [ʋ] | Resembles v. |
Г, г | ге | G, g | ge | [g] | g in "give" |
Д, д | де | D, d | de | [d] | d |
Ђ, ђ | ђе | Đ, đ (Dj, dj is an unofficial, foreign transcripcion) |
đe | [dʑ] | dy in "good year" |
E, e | e | E, e | e | [e] | e in "let" |
Ж, ж | же | Ž, ž | že | [ʒ] | s in "pleasure" |
З, з | зе | Z, z | ze | [z] | z |
И, и | и | I, i | i | [i] | i in "link" |
J, j | је | J, j | je | [j] | y in "yet" |
К, к | ка | K, k | ka | [k] | k |
Л, л | ле | L, l | le | [l] | l |
Љ, љ | ље | Lj, lj | lje | [ʎ] | li in "million" |
М, м | ме | M, m | me | [m] | m |
Н, н | не | N, n | ne | [n] | n |
Њ, њ | ње | Nj, nj | nje | [ɲ] | ni in "onion" |
O, o | o | O, o | o | [o] | aw in "saw", o in "song" |
П, п | пе | P, p | pe | [p] | p |
Р, p | ре | R, r | re | [r] | rolled r |
C, c | се | S, s | se | [s] | s |
T, т | те | T, t | te | [t] | t |
Ћ, ћ | ће | Ć, ć | će | [tɕ] | ty in "let you" |
У, y | у | U, u | u | [u] | oo in "look" or "soon" |
Ф, ф | фе | F, f | fe | [f] | f |
X, x | ха | H, h | ha | [x] | Scottish ch in "loch" |
Ц, ц | це | C, c | ce | [ts] | ts |
Ч, ч | че | Č, č | če | [tʃ] | ch in "such" |
Џ, џ | џе | DŽ, dž | dže | [dʒ] | j |
Ш, ш | ша | Š, š | ša | [ʃ] | sh |