Amplification (psychology): Difference between revisions
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'''Amplification''' is to amplify physical symptoms based on psychological factors such as [[anxiety]] or [[depression (mood)|depression]]: "somatosensory amplification refers to the tendency to experience somatic sensation as intense, noxious, and disturbing. What may be a minor 'twinge' or mild 'sorenes' to the stoic, is a severe, consuming pain to the amplifier."<ref name="pmid3186894">{{cite journal |author=Barsky AJ, Goodson JD, Lane RS, Cleary PD |title=The amplification of somatic symptoms |journal=Psychosomatic medicine |volume=50 |issue=5 |pages=510-9 |year=1988 |pmid=3186894 |doi=}}</ref> | '''Amplification''' is to amplify physical symptoms based on psychological factors such as [[anxiety]] or [[depression (mood)|depression]]: "somatosensory amplification refers to the tendency to experience somatic sensation as intense, noxious, and disturbing. What may be a minor 'twinge' or mild 'sorenes' to the stoic, is a severe, consuming pain to the amplifier."<ref name="pmid3186894">{{cite journal |author=Barsky AJ, Goodson JD, Lane RS, Cleary PD |title=The amplification of somatic symptoms |journal=Psychosomatic medicine |volume=50 |issue=5 |pages=510-9 |year=1988 |pmid=3186894 |doi=}}</ref> | ||
Psychological state has been documented to effect the course of upper respiratory tract infection,<ref name="pmid13717585">{{cite journal |author= | Psychological state has been documented to effect the course of upper respiratory tract infection,<ref name="pmid13717585">{{cite journal |author=Imboden JB, Canter A, Cluff LE |title=Convalescence from influenza. A study of the psychological and clinical determinants |journal=Arch. Intern. Med. |volume=108 |issue= |pages=393-9 |year=1961 |pmid=13717585 |doi=}}</ref><ref name="pmid3230456">{{cite journal |author=Lane RS, Barsky AJ, Goodson JD |title=Discomfort and disability in upper respiratory tract infection |journal=Journal of general internal medicine : official journal of the Society for Research and Education in Primary Care Internal Medicine |volume=3 |issue=6 |pages=540-6 |year=1988 |pmid=3230456 |doi=10.1007/BF02596095}}</ref> post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome,<ref name="pmid17661757">{{cite journal |author=Thabane M, Kottachchi DT, Marshall JK |title=Systematic review and meta-analysis: the incidence and prognosis of post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome |journal=Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. |volume=26 |issue=4 |pages=535-44 |year=2007 |pmid=17661757 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-2036.2007.03399.x}}</ref> and musculoskeletal pain.<ref name="pmid17688762">{{cite journal |author=Mallen CD, Peat G, Thomas E, Dunn KM, Croft PR |title=Prognostic factors for musculoskeletal pain in primary care: a systematic review |journal=The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners |volume=57 |issue=541 |pages=655-61 |year=2007 |pmid=17688762 |doi=}}</ref> | ||
Amplification is not recognized by the [[American Psychiatric Association]]. | Amplification is not recognized by the [[American Psychiatric Association]]. | ||
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# I'm quick to sense the hunger contractions in my stomach | # I'm quick to sense the hunger contractions in my stomach | ||
Amplification is related to [[alexithymia]]. Amplification may also contribute to multiple-drug intolerance (if the adverse effects that are reported are non-specific).<ref name="pmid12622606">{{cite journal |author=Davies SJ, Jackson PR, Ramsay LE, Ghahramani P |title=Drug intolerance due to nonspecific adverse effects related to psychiatric morbidity in hypertensive patients |journal=Arch. Intern. Med. |volume=163 |issue=5 |pages=592-600 |year=2003 |pmid=12622606 |doi=}}</ref> | Amplification is related to [[alexithymia]]. Amplification may also contribute to multiple-drug intolerance (if the adverse effects that are reported are non-specific).<ref name="pmid12622606">{{cite journal |author=Davies SJ, Jackson PR, Ramsay LE, Ghahramani P |title=Drug intolerance due to nonspecific adverse effects related to psychiatric morbidity in hypertensive patients |journal=Arch. Intern. Med. |volume=163 |issue=5 |pages=592-600 |year=2003 |pmid=12622606 |doi=}}</ref> | ||
[[Type A personality]] and [[depression]] may be risk factors for amplification: | |||
* [[Type A personality]] trait may be associated with delayed recovery after organic illness.<ref name="pmid8879456">{{cite journal |author=Jenkins CD, Jono RT, Stanton BA |title=Predicting completeness of symptom relief after major heart surgery |journal=Behavioral medicine (Washington, D.C.) |volume=22 |issue=2 |pages=45-57 |year=1996 |pmid=8879456 |doi=}}</ref><ref name="pmid2324695">{{cite journal |author=Fields KB, Delaney M, Hinkle JS |title=A prospective study of type A behavior and running injuries |journal=The Journal of family practice |volume=30 |issue=4 |pages=425-9 |year=1990 |pmid=2324695 |doi=}}</ref> | |||
* People with premorbid abnormal scores on the Depression and Morale-Loss subscales of the [[Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Index]] (MMPI) have delayed recovery of future respiratory tract infections.<ref name="pmid13717585">{{cite journal |author=Imboden JB, Canter A, Cluff LE |title=Convalescence from influenza. A study of the psychological and clinical determinants |journal=Arch. Intern. Med. |volume=108 |issue= |pages=393-9 |year=1961 |pmid=13717585 |doi=}}</ref> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
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Latest revision as of 06:00, 10 July 2024
Amplification is to amplify physical symptoms based on psychological factors such as anxiety or depression: "somatosensory amplification refers to the tendency to experience somatic sensation as intense, noxious, and disturbing. What may be a minor 'twinge' or mild 'sorenes' to the stoic, is a severe, consuming pain to the amplifier."[1]
Psychological state has been documented to effect the course of upper respiratory tract infection,[2][3] post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome,[4] and musculoskeletal pain.[5]
Amplification is not recognized by the American Psychiatric Association.
The Somatosensory Amplification Scale (SAS) has been validated to measure amplification.[1] The scale contains four items measured with a 5 item Likert scale:
- Sudden loud noises really disturb me
- I'm very uncomfortable when I'm in a place that is too hot or too cold
- I can't stand pain as well as most people can
- I find I'm often aware of various things happening in my body
- I'm quick to sense the hunger contractions in my stomach
Amplification is related to alexithymia. Amplification may also contribute to multiple-drug intolerance (if the adverse effects that are reported are non-specific).[6]
Type A personality and depression may be risk factors for amplification:
- Type A personality trait may be associated with delayed recovery after organic illness.[7][8]
- People with premorbid abnormal scores on the Depression and Morale-Loss subscales of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Index (MMPI) have delayed recovery of future respiratory tract infections.[2]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Barsky AJ, Goodson JD, Lane RS, Cleary PD (1988). "The amplification of somatic symptoms". Psychosomatic medicine 50 (5): 510-9. PMID 3186894. [e]
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Imboden JB, Canter A, Cluff LE (1961). "Convalescence from influenza. A study of the psychological and clinical determinants". Arch. Intern. Med. 108: 393-9. PMID 13717585. [e]
- ↑ Lane RS, Barsky AJ, Goodson JD (1988). "Discomfort and disability in upper respiratory tract infection". Journal of general internal medicine : official journal of the Society for Research and Education in Primary Care Internal Medicine 3 (6): 540-6. DOI:10.1007/BF02596095. PMID 3230456. Research Blogging.
- ↑ Thabane M, Kottachchi DT, Marshall JK (2007). "Systematic review and meta-analysis: the incidence and prognosis of post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome". Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. 26 (4): 535-44. DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2007.03399.x. PMID 17661757. Research Blogging.
- ↑ Mallen CD, Peat G, Thomas E, Dunn KM, Croft PR (2007). "Prognostic factors for musculoskeletal pain in primary care: a systematic review". The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners 57 (541): 655-61. PMID 17688762. [e]
- ↑ Davies SJ, Jackson PR, Ramsay LE, Ghahramani P (2003). "Drug intolerance due to nonspecific adverse effects related to psychiatric morbidity in hypertensive patients". Arch. Intern. Med. 163 (5): 592-600. PMID 12622606. [e]
- ↑ Jenkins CD, Jono RT, Stanton BA (1996). "Predicting completeness of symptom relief after major heart surgery". Behavioral medicine (Washington, D.C.) 22 (2): 45-57. PMID 8879456. [e]
- ↑ Fields KB, Delaney M, Hinkle JS (1990). "A prospective study of type A behavior and running injuries". The Journal of family practice 30 (4): 425-9. PMID 2324695. [e]