Scarborough Castle/Timelines: Difference between revisions
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{{subpages}} | {{subpages}} | ||
''Click on dates for sections of the main article'' | ''Click on dates for sections of the main article'' | ||
{{timeline | |||
|height=372 | |||
|title= | |||
}} | |||
|[[Scarborough Castle#Early history of the site|c.900-500 BCE]] | {{tlevent | ||
|event=[[Scarborough Castle#Early history of the site|c.900-500 BCE]] | |||
| | Possible [[Iron Age]] settlements and hill fort | ||
| | |width=550px | ||
|color=#FFF | |||
| | }} | ||
|Fourth century CE | {{tlevent | ||
|event=c.500 BCE | |||
| | [[Bronze Age]]; [[sword]] unearthed at the Castle dates from this time | ||
| | |width=550px | ||
|color=#FFF | |||
| | }} | ||
|1066 | {{tlevent | ||
|event=Fourth century CE | |||
| | [[Roman Empire|Roman]] signal station established | ||
| | |width=550px | ||
|color=#FFF | |||
| | }} | ||
|[[Scarborough Castle#The stone castle, c.1157-1216|c.1157]] | {{tlevent | ||
|event=c.1000 | |||
| | [[Anglo-Saxons|Anglo-Saxon]] chapel built | ||
|1159 | |width=550px | ||
|color=#FFF | |||
| | }} | ||
|1169 | {{tlevent | ||
|event=1066 | |||
| | Possible settlement at [[Scarborough, North Yorkshire|Scarborough]] destroyed by [[Harald Hardrada]] using bonfire at the later Castle site | ||
| | |width=550px | ||
| | |color=#FFF | ||
| | }} | ||
|1202 | {{tlevent | ||
|event=[[Scarborough Castle#The original wooden castle, 1138-1157|1138]] | |||
| | [[William le Gros, 1st Earl of Albemarle]] builds a wooden [[castle]] at the site | ||
|1212 | |width=550px | ||
|color=#FFF | |||
| | }} | ||
|[[Scarborough Castle#Development and decline, 1216-1311|1237]] | {{tlevent | ||
|event=[[Scarborough Castle#The stone castle, c.1157-1216|c.1157]]<!--[[Scarborough Castle#Building of the stone castle, c.1157-1216|c.1157]]--> | |||
| | [[Henry II of England|Henry II]] begins building a new stone castle, possible after demolishing William's | ||
| | |width=550px | ||
|color=#FFF | |||
| | }} | ||
|c.1250s | {{tlevent | ||
|event=1159 | |||
| | Work begins on the castle [[keep]] | ||
| | |width=550px | ||
|color=#FFF | |||
| | }} | ||
|1275 | {{tlevent | ||
|event=1169 | |||
| | Keep completed | ||
| | |width=550px | ||
|Edward I's second court at Scarborough Castle | |color=#FFF | ||
| | }} | ||
|1311 | {{tlevent | ||
|event=1179 | |||
| | William le Gros dies | ||
| | |width=550px | ||
|color=#FFF | |||
| | }} | ||
|[[Scarborough Castle#Further assaults, 1318-1635|1318-1635]] | {{tlevent | ||
|event=1202 | |||
| | King [[King John|John]] upgrades the castle with a new [[curtain wall]]; builds the 'King's Chambers' | ||
|1318 | |width=550px | ||
|color=#FFF | |||
| | }} | ||
|1343 | {{tlevent | ||
|event=1212 | |||
| | Most upgrades complete; keep roof repaired | ||
| | |width=550px | ||
|color=#FFF | |||
| | }} | ||
|1536 | {{tlevent | ||
|event=[[Scarborough Castle#Development and decline, 1216-1311|1237]] | |||
| | Storm damages keep roof | ||
| | |width=550px | ||
|color=#FFF | |||
| | }} | ||
|1569 | {{tlevent | ||
|event=1243-1244 | |||
| | New [[barbican]] gateway building begins under the orders of [[Henry III of England|Henry III]] | ||
| | |width=550px | ||
|color=#FFF | |||
| | }} | ||
|March 1643 | {{tlevent | ||
|event=c.1250s | |||
| | Governorship of [[Geoffrey de Neville]]; corruption and natural wear lead to decline of Castle | ||
|August 1644 | |width=550px | ||
|color=#FFF | |||
| | }} | ||
|18th February 1645 | {{tlevent | ||
|event=c.1270s | |||
| | Governorship of [[William de Percy]]; garrison imposes illegal tolls on the townsfolk, steals [[pig (domestic)|pig]]s | ||
|1st May 1645 | |width=550px | ||
|color=#FFF | |||
| | }} | ||
|25th July 1645 | {{tlevent | ||
|event=1275 | |||
| | [[Edward I of England|Edward I]] holds court at the Castle | ||
| | |width=550px | ||
|color=#FFF | |||
| | }} | ||
|19th December 1648 | {{tlevent | ||
|event=1280 | |||
| | Edward I's second court at Scarborough Castle | ||
| | |width=550px | ||
|color=#FFF | |||
| | }} | ||
|[[Scarborough Castle#The castle refortified, 1745-1815|1745-1746]] | {{tlevent | ||
|event=1311 | |||
| | [[Edward II of England|Edward II]] imprisons [[Scotland|Scottish]] enemies at the Castle | ||
| | |width=550px | ||
|Master | |color=#FFF | ||
| | }} | ||
|1779 | {{tlevent | ||
|event=[[Scarborough Castle#Piers Gaveston besieged, 1312|1312]] | |||
| | [[Piers Gaveston]] awarded governorship of the Castle by Edward II and besieged by barons; town's royal priviliges revoked following Gaveston's murder | ||
| | |width=550px | ||
|color=#FFF | |||
| | }} | ||
|[[Scarborough Castle#The World Wars|16th December 1914]] | {{tlevent | ||
|event=[[Scarborough Castle#Further assaults and decay, 1318-1635|1318-1635]] | |||
| | [[Hundred Years War]]: Scarborough, a centre of the [[wool]] trade, attacked several times | ||
| | |width=550px | ||
|color=#FFF | |||
| | }} | ||
|1980 | {{tlevent | ||
|event=1318 | |||
| | Castle sacked and burnt by [[Robert I of Scotland|Robert the Bruce]] and Sir James Douglas | ||
|1984 | |width=550px | ||
|color=#FFF | |||
}} | |||
{{tlevent | |||
|event=1343 | |||
Barbican completed | |||
|width=550px | |||
|color=#FFF | |||
}} | |||
{{tlevent | |||
|event=1424-1429 | |||
[[Henry VI of England|Henry VI]] orders major repairs to the Castle | |||
|width=550px | |||
|color=#FFF | |||
}} | |||
{{tlevent | |||
|event=1536 | |||
[[Pilgrimage of Grace]]: [[Robert Aske]]'s forces unsuccessfully try to take the Castle | |||
|width=550px | |||
|color=#FFF | |||
}} | |||
{{tlevent | |||
|event=April 1557 | |||
[[Thomas Wyatt the younger]]'s forces take the castle disguised as peasants; [[Thomas Stafford]] executed on Tower Hill after holding the Castle for three days | |||
|width=550px | |||
|color=#FFF | |||
}} | |||
{{tlevent | |||
|event=1569 | |||
Castle garrisoned against a predicted Scottish invasion during the [[Rising of the North]]; attack never comes | |||
|width=550px | |||
|color=#FFF | |||
}} | |||
{{tlevent | |||
|event=[[Scarborough Castle#The Civil War sieges, 1642-1648|1642-1651]] | |||
[[English Civil War]]: castle garrison sides with the Royalists | |||
|width=550px | |||
|color=#FFF | |||
}} | |||
{{tlevent | |||
|event=March 1643 | |||
Castle garrison led by Sir [[Sir Hugh Cholmley, 1st Baronet|Hugh Cholmley]]; briefly loses the Castle to his cousin, Captain [[Browne Bushell]] | |||
|width=550px | |||
|color=#FFF | |||
}} | |||
{{tlevent | |||
|event=August 1644 | |||
Parliamentary forces reach Scarborough following Royalist defeat at [[Battle of Marston Moor|Marston Moor]] and the fall of [[York]]; Cholmley stalls with surrender negotiations | |||
|width=550px | |||
|color=#FFF | |||
}} | |||
{{tlevent | |||
|event=18th February 1645 | |||
First [[Great Siege of Scarborough Castle|siege]] of the Castle by Parliamentary forces begins | |||
|width=550px | |||
|color=#FFF | |||
}} | |||
{{tlevent | |||
|event=1st May 1645 | |||
Parliamentarians' [[Committee of Both Kingdoms]] orders that the Castle be taken at all costs | |||
|width=550px | |||
|color=#FFF | |||
}} | |||
{{tlevent | |||
|event=25th July 1645 | |||
Castle garrison surrenders following five-month siege that sees the keep partially destroyed | |||
|width=550px | |||
|color=#FFF | |||
}} | |||
{{tlevent | |||
|event=27th July 1648 | |||
New castle garrison goes over to the Royalist side | |||
|width=550px | |||
|color=#FFF | |||
}} | |||
{{tlevent | |||
|event=19th December 1648 | |||
Second siege brings Castle back under Parliamentary control; later used as a prison | |||
|width=550px | |||
|color=#FFF | |||
}} | |||
{{tlevent | |||
|event=[[Scarborough Castle#Imprisonment of George Fox, 1665-1666|April 1665 - September 1666]] | |||
Imprisonment of [[George Fox]], founder of the [[Quakers]] | |||
|width=550px | |||
|color=#FFF | |||
}} | |||
{{tlevent | |||
|event=[[Scarborough Castle#The castle refortified, 1745-1815|1745-1746]] | |||
Castle refortified during the [[Jacobite Rebellion]]; keep used to store [[gunpowder]] | |||
|width=550px | |||
|color=#FFF | |||
}} | |||
{{tlevent | |||
|event=1748 | |||
Master Gunner's House built as accommodation | |||
|width=550px | |||
|color=#FFF | |||
}} | |||
{{tlevent | |||
|event=1779 | |||
Scarborians watch a [[sea battle]] from Castle Hill between American and British ships during the [[American Revolution|American Revolutionary War]] | |||
|width=550px | |||
|color=#FFF | |||
}} | |||
{{tlevent | |||
|event=1796 | |||
[[France|French]] prisoners held at the Castle during the [[Napoleonic Wars]]; permanent garrison stationed at the castle until the mid-[[nineteenth century]] | |||
|width=550px | |||
|color=#FFF | |||
}} | |||
{{tlevent | |||
|event=[[Scarborough Castle#The World Wars|16th December 1914]] | |||
Keep damaged by [[German Empire|German]] warships during the [[Bombardment of Scarborough, Whitby and Hartlepool]]; barracks later demolished due to damage from shelling | |||
|width=550px | |||
|color=#FFF | |||
}} | |||
{{tlevent | |||
|event=[[Scarborough Castle#Development of the castle as a tourist attraction|1920]] | |||
Castle taken into public ownership by the [[Ministry of Works]] | |||
|width=550px | |||
|color=#FFF | |||
}} | |||
{{tlevent | |||
|event=1980 | |||
Bronze Age sword unearthed from the site; this can be seen in the Castle's exhibition | |||
|width=550px | |||
|color=#FFF | |||
}} | |||
{{tlevent | |||
|event=1984 | |||
[[English Heritage]] awarded the site | |||
|width=550px | |||
|color=#FFF | |||
}} | |||
|} | |} | ||
<br> | |||
<br> | |||
<br> |
Latest revision as of 01:00, 9 February 2024
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Click on dates for sections of the main article
c.900-500 BCE
Possible Iron Age settlements and hill fort c.500 BCE
Bronze Age; sword unearthed at the Castle dates from this time Fourth century CE
Roman signal station established c.1000
Anglo-Saxon chapel built 1066
Possible settlement at Scarborough destroyed by Harald Hardrada using bonfire at the later Castle site 1138
William le Gros, 1st Earl of Albemarle builds a wooden castle at the site 1159
Work begins on the castle keep 1169
Keep completed 1179
William le Gros dies 1202
King John upgrades the castle with a new curtain wall; builds the 'King's Chambers' 1212
Most upgrades complete; keep roof repaired 1237
Storm damages keep roof c.1250s
Governorship of Geoffrey de Neville; corruption and natural wear lead to decline of Castle c.1270s
Governorship of William de Percy; garrison imposes illegal tolls on the townsfolk, steals pigs 1275
Edward I holds court at the Castle 1280
Edward I's second court at Scarborough Castle 1312
Piers Gaveston awarded governorship of the Castle by Edward II and besieged by barons; town's royal priviliges revoked following Gaveston's murder 1318-1635
Hundred Years War: Scarborough, a centre of the wool trade, attacked several times 1318
Castle sacked and burnt by Robert the Bruce and Sir James Douglas 1343
Barbican completed 1424-1429
Henry VI orders major repairs to the Castle 1536
Pilgrimage of Grace: Robert Aske's forces unsuccessfully try to take the Castle April 1557
Thomas Wyatt the younger's forces take the castle disguised as peasants; Thomas Stafford executed on Tower Hill after holding the Castle for three days 1569
Castle garrisoned against a predicted Scottish invasion during the Rising of the North; attack never comes 1642-1651
English Civil War: castle garrison sides with the Royalists March 1643
Castle garrison led by Sir Hugh Cholmley; briefly loses the Castle to his cousin, Captain Browne Bushell August 1644
Parliamentary forces reach Scarborough following Royalist defeat at Marston Moor and the fall of York; Cholmley stalls with surrender negotiations 18th February 1645
First siege of the Castle by Parliamentary forces begins 1st May 1645
Parliamentarians' Committee of Both Kingdoms orders that the Castle be taken at all costs 25th July 1645
Castle garrison surrenders following five-month siege that sees the keep partially destroyed 27th July 1648
New castle garrison goes over to the Royalist side 19th December 1648
Second siege brings Castle back under Parliamentary control; later used as a prison April 1665 - September 1666
Imprisonment of George Fox, founder of the Quakers 1745-1746
Castle refortified during the Jacobite Rebellion; keep used to store gunpowder 1748
Master Gunner's House built as accommodation 1779
Scarborians watch a sea battle from Castle Hill between American and British ships during the American Revolutionary War 1796
French prisoners held at the Castle during the Napoleonic Wars; permanent garrison stationed at the castle until the mid-nineteenth century 16th December 1914
Keep damaged by German warships during the Bombardment of Scarborough, Whitby and Hartlepool; barracks later demolished due to damage from shelling 1920
Castle taken into public ownership by the Ministry of Works 1980
Bronze Age sword unearthed from the site; this can be seen in the Castle's exhibition 1984
English Heritage awarded the site |
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