Vipera bornmuelleri: Difference between revisions
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imported>Petréa Mitchell m (→External links: Not live) |
imported>Jaap Winius (Removed red links and reformatted ITIS link.) |
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| color = pink | | color = pink | ||
| name = ''Vipera bornmuelleri'' | | name = ''Vipera bornmuelleri'' | ||
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia | | regnum = [[Animal]]ia | ||
| phylum = | | phylum = Chordata | ||
| subphylum = | | subphylum = Vertebrata | ||
| classis = | | classis = Reptilia | ||
| ordo = | | ordo = Squamata | ||
| subordo = [[Snake|Serpentes]] | | subordo = [[Snake|Serpentes]] | ||
| familia = | | familia = Viperidae | ||
| subfamilia = [[Viperinae]] | | subfamilia = [[Viperinae]] | ||
| genus = ''[[Vipera]]'' | | genus = ''[[Vipera]]'' | ||
| species = '''''V. bornmuelleri''''' | | species = '''''V. bornmuelleri''''' | ||
| binomial = ''Vipera bornmuelleri'' | | binomial = ''Vipera bornmuelleri'' | ||
| binomial_authority = Werner, | | binomial_authority = Werner, 1898 | ||
| synonyms = * ''Lachesis libanotica'' - Hemprich, 1827 ( | | synonyms = * ''Lachesis libanotica'' - Hemprich, 1827 (nomen nudum) | ||
* ''Vipera Bornmülleri'' - Werner, 1898 | * ''Vipera Bornmülleri'' - Werner, 1898 | ||
* ''Vipera lebetina'' var. ''bornmülleri'' - Werner, 1902 | * ''Vipera lebetina'' var. ''bornmülleri'' - Werner, 1902 | ||
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'''Common names:''' Bornmuellers viper.<ref name="Mal03">Mallow D, Ludwig D, Nilson G. 2003. True Vipers: Natural History and Toxinology of Old World Vipers. Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar, Florida. 359 pp. ISBN 0-89464-877-2.</ref> | '''Common names:''' Bornmuellers viper.<ref name="Mal03">Mallow D, Ludwig D, Nilson G. 2003. True Vipers: Natural History and Toxinology of Old World Vipers. Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar, Florida. 359 pp. ISBN 0-89464-877-2.</ref> | ||
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'''''Vipera bornmuelleri''''' is a | '''''Vipera bornmuelleri''''' is a venomous [[Viperinae|viper]] species found in the Golan Heights, Lebanon and Syria. No subspecies are currently recognized.<ref name="ITIS">[http://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=634989 ''Vipera bornmuelleri'' (TSN 634989)] at [http://www.itis.gov/index.html Integrated Taxonomic Information System]. Accessed 27 June 2007.</ref> | ||
==Description== | ==Description== | ||
| Line 38: | Line 35: | ||
==Geographic range== | ==Geographic range== | ||
Fund in the Golan Heights, southern Lebanon and Syria.<ref name="McD99"/> | |||
The | The syntypes were from "Libanon in 1800 m Höhe erlegte und sogar in 2200 m ... Kar Boghaz, Bulgar Dagh im cilicischen Taurus, 2500 m" [Lebenon. The Bolkar Dagi mountains are south of Ulukisla, prov. Nigde, south central Anatolia, Turkey, according to Nilson and Andrén (1985)]. Restricted to "Libanon" by designation of lectotype (Werner, 1922). Mertens (1967) suggested "Bcharré, Lebanon" as a clarification and Nilson and Andrén (1985) agreed.<ref name="McD99"/> | ||
==Conservation status== | ==Conservation status== | ||
This species is classified as Endangered (EN) according to the | This species is classified as Endangered (EN) according to the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species with the following criteria: B1ab(iii) (v3.1, 2001).<ref name="ICUN-VB">[http://www.iucnredlist.org/search/details.php/61445/summ ''Montivipera bornmuelleri''] at [http://www.iucnredlist.org/ IUCN Red List]. Accessed 6 October 2006.</ref> This indicates that it is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild because the extent of its occurrence within its geographic range is estimated to be less than 20,000 km², because its populations are severely fragmented or known to exist at no more than 10 locations, and because a continued decline is observed, inferred or projected in the area, extent and/or quality of its habitat.<ref name="ICUN-31">[http://www.iucnredlist.org/info/categories_criteria2001#categories 2001 Categories & Criteria (version 3.1)][http://www.iucnredlist.org/ IUCN Red List]. Accessed 5 October 2006.</ref> | ||
Listed as such because its extent of occurrence is less than 5,000 km², its distribution is severely fragmented, and there is a continuing decline in the extent and quality of its mountain habitat due to overgrazing. Year assessed: 2005.<ref name="ICUN-VB"/> | Listed as such because its extent of occurrence is less than 5,000 km², its distribution is severely fragmented, and there is a continuing decline in the extent and quality of its mountain habitat due to overgrazing. Year assessed: 2005.<ref name="ICUN-VB"/> | ||
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* {{EMBL species|genus=Vipera|species=bornmuelleri}} | * {{EMBL species|genus=Vipera|species=bornmuelleri}} | ||
[[Category:True vipers]] | |||
[[Category:Biology Workgroup]] | [[Category:Biology Workgroup]] | ||
Revision as of 06:23, 27 June 2007
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Common names: Bornmuellers viper.[2]
Vipera bornmuelleri is a venomous viper species found in the Golan Heights, Lebanon and Syria. No subspecies are currently recognized.[3]
Description
Grows to a maximum length of about 75 cm, but usually much less. Males tend to be larger than females in some populations. In specimens from Mt. Liban, Lebenon, the maximum lengths were 47.3 cm for females and 53.8 cm for males. The tail accounts for about 7-10% of the total body length.[2]
Geographic range
Fund in the Golan Heights, southern Lebanon and Syria.[1]
The syntypes were from "Libanon in 1800 m Höhe erlegte und sogar in 2200 m ... Kar Boghaz, Bulgar Dagh im cilicischen Taurus, 2500 m" [Lebenon. The Bolkar Dagi mountains are south of Ulukisla, prov. Nigde, south central Anatolia, Turkey, according to Nilson and Andrén (1985)]. Restricted to "Libanon" by designation of lectotype (Werner, 1922). Mertens (1967) suggested "Bcharré, Lebanon" as a clarification and Nilson and Andrén (1985) agreed.[1]
Conservation status
This species is classified as Endangered (EN) according to the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species with the following criteria: B1ab(iii) (v3.1, 2001).[4] This indicates that it is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild because the extent of its occurrence within its geographic range is estimated to be less than 20,000 km², because its populations are severely fragmented or known to exist at no more than 10 locations, and because a continued decline is observed, inferred or projected in the area, extent and/or quality of its habitat.[5]
Listed as such because its extent of occurrence is less than 5,000 km², its distribution is severely fragmented, and there is a continuing decline in the extent and quality of its mountain habitat due to overgrazing. Year assessed: 2005.[4]
See also
- Vipera.
- List of viperine species and subspecies.
- True vipers - Common names.
- True vipers - Synonymy.
- Snakebite.
Cited references
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 McDiarmid RW, Campbell JA, Touré T. 1999. Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, vol. 1. Herpetologists' League. 511 pp. ISBN 1-893777-00-6 (series). ISBN 1-893777-01-4 (volume).
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Mallow D, Ludwig D, Nilson G. 2003. True Vipers: Natural History and Toxinology of Old World Vipers. Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar, Florida. 359 pp. ISBN 0-89464-877-2.
- ↑ Vipera bornmuelleri (TSN 634989) at Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Accessed 27 June 2007.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Montivipera bornmuelleri at IUCN Red List. Accessed 6 October 2006.
- ↑ 2001 Categories & Criteria (version 3.1)IUCN Red List. Accessed 5 October 2006.
External links
- Species Vipera bornmuelleri at the Species2000 Database