Sachsenhausen Concentration Camp: Difference between revisions
imported>Howard C. Berkowitz (New page: {{subpages}} <!-- Text is transcluded from the BASEPAGENAME/Definition subpage-->) |
imported>Howard C. Berkowitz No edit summary |
||
| (4 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{subpages}} | {{subpages}} | ||
< | {{TOC|right}} | ||
'''Sachsenhausen Concentration Camp''' was the third [[Nazi concentration camps|Nazi concentration camp]], established in 1936, initially for prisoners, at first primarily political, from the [[Berlin]] area. It was located near Oranienburg, north of [[Berlin]], and sometimes is called Oranienburg or Sachsenhausen-Oranienburg. "The administrative centre of all concentration camps was located in Oranienburg, and Sachsenhausen became a training centre for SS officers (who would often be sent to oversee other camps afterward."<ref>{{citation | |||
| url = http://www.holocaustresearchproject.org/othercamps/sachsenhausen.html | |||
| title = Sachsenhausen "Oranienburg" Concentration Camp | |||
| publisher = Holocaust Research Project | |||
}}</ref> | |||
==Medical experiments== | |||
[[Nazi medical experiments]] conducted here include [[Nazi mustard gas experiments|mustard gas]] and [[Nazi epidemic jaundice experiments|epidemic jaundice]]. | |||
==Counterfeiting== | |||
One of the best-known [[economic warfare]] attacks on a national currency was based there, targeting Bank of England notes, Operation Bernhard.<ref name=Bernhard>{{citation | |||
| title = German Forgery: Operation Bernhard | |||
| url = http://www.germannotes.com/faq_operation_bernhard.shtml | |||
}}</ref>, using skilled prisoners given a choice to forge or die. Some of the notes were found in Lake Toplitz. <ref name=LakeNotes>{{citation | |||
| title=Last dive for Lake Toplitz's Nazi gold | |||
| first = Luke | last = Harding | date=April 6, 2004 | |||
|url = http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2005/apr/06/austria.secondworldwar}}</ref> | |||
==Allied Prisoners of War== | |||
In 1942 and 1943, Allied [[prisoners of war]] were held there, and later executed by gunfire, as investigated in 1946.<ref>{{citation | |||
| subject = Investigation of Alleged War Crime | |||
| url = http://www.holocaustresearchproject.org/othercamps/images/Sachsenhausen%20execution%20of%20Allied%20Airmen%20doc%201.jpg | |||
| author = Deputy Theater Chief Judge Advocate's Office, War Crimes Group, U.S. Army | |||
| date = 20 September 1946}}</ref> | |||
A [[special operations]] party of the [[Royal Navy]], led by Sublieutenant John Godwin, was imprisoned there after being captured while raiding shipping near Haugesund, north of Stavanger, Norway. At the camp, in violation of the [[Third Geneva Convention]], they were forced to march thirty miles a day, on rough surfaces, to test army boots. | |||
The Nazis decided to kill them on 2 February 1945, but, while being led to the execution site, Godwin managed to take the firing squad leader's pistol and kill him before being himself killed. <ref>{{citation | |||
| author = M.R.D. Foote | |||
| title = MI9 - Escape and Evasion 1939 - 1945 | |||
|year = 1979 }}, pp. 154-155</ref> | |||
==References== | |||
{{reflist|2}} | |||
Revision as of 04:35, 29 December 2010
Sachsenhausen Concentration Camp was the third Nazi concentration camp, established in 1936, initially for prisoners, at first primarily political, from the Berlin area. It was located near Oranienburg, north of Berlin, and sometimes is called Oranienburg or Sachsenhausen-Oranienburg. "The administrative centre of all concentration camps was located in Oranienburg, and Sachsenhausen became a training centre for SS officers (who would often be sent to oversee other camps afterward."[1]
Medical experiments
Nazi medical experiments conducted here include mustard gas and epidemic jaundice.
Counterfeiting
One of the best-known economic warfare attacks on a national currency was based there, targeting Bank of England notes, Operation Bernhard.[2], using skilled prisoners given a choice to forge or die. Some of the notes were found in Lake Toplitz. [3]
Allied Prisoners of War
In 1942 and 1943, Allied prisoners of war were held there, and later executed by gunfire, as investigated in 1946.[4]
A special operations party of the Royal Navy, led by Sublieutenant John Godwin, was imprisoned there after being captured while raiding shipping near Haugesund, north of Stavanger, Norway. At the camp, in violation of the Third Geneva Convention, they were forced to march thirty miles a day, on rough surfaces, to test army boots.
The Nazis decided to kill them on 2 February 1945, but, while being led to the execution site, Godwin managed to take the firing squad leader's pistol and kill him before being himself killed. [5]
References
- ↑ Sachsenhausen "Oranienburg" Concentration Camp, Holocaust Research Project
- ↑ German Forgery: Operation Bernhard
- ↑ Harding, Luke (April 6, 2004), Last dive for Lake Toplitz's Nazi gold
- ↑ Deputy Theater Chief Judge Advocate's Office, War Crimes Group, U.S. Army (20 September 1946)
- ↑ M.R.D. Foote (1979), MI9 - Escape and Evasion 1939 - 1945, pp. 154-155